The Health and Diseases of Rabbits - A Collection of Articles on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ailments Affecting Rabbits
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The Health and Diseases of Rabbits - A Collection of Articles on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ailments Affecting Rabbits - Read Books Ltd.
The Health and
Diseases of Rabbits
A Collection of Articles on
the Diagnosis and Treatment
of Ailments Affecting
Rabbits
By
Various Authors
Copyright © 2013 Read Books Ltd.
This book is copyright and may not be reproduced or copied in any way without the express permission of the publisher in writing
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Cuniculture (Rabbit Farming)
Cuniculture is the agricultural practice of breeding and raising domestic rabbits, usually for their meat, fur, or wool. Some people however, called rabbit fanciers, practice cuniculture predominantly for exhibition. This differs from the simpler practice of keeping a single or small group of rabbits as companions, without selective breeding, reproduction, or the care of young animals. The distribution of rabbit farming varies across the globe, and while it is on the decline in some nations, in others it is expanding.
Domestication of the European rabbit rose slowly from a combination of game-keeping and animal husbandry. Among the numerous foodstuffs imported by sea to Rome during her domination of the Mediterranean were shipments of rabbits from Spain, they then spread across the Roman Empire. Rabbits were kept in both walled areas as well as more extensively in game-preserves. In the British Isles, these preserves were known as warrens or garths, and rabbits were known as coneys, to differentiate them from the similar hares (a separate species). The term warren was also used as a name for the location where hares, partridges and pheasants were kept, under the watch of a game keeper called a warrener. In order to confine and protect the rabbits, a wall or thick hedge might be constructed around the warren, or a warren might be established on an island.
Rabbits were typically kept as part of the household livestock by peasants and villagers throughout Europe. Husbandry of the rabbits, including collecting weeds and grasses for fodder, typically fell to the children of the household or farmstead. These rabbits were largely ‘common’ or ‘meat’ rabbits and not of a particular breed, although regional strains and types did arise. Some of these strains remain as regional breeds, such as the Gothland of Sweden, while others, such as the Land Kaninchen, a spotted rabbit of Germany, have become extinct. Contrary to intuitive sense, it was the development of refrigerated shipping vessels that led to the eventual collapse of European trading in rabbit meat. Such vessels allowed the Australians to harvest and more importantly, sell their over-population of feral rabbits.
With the rise of scientific animal breeding in the late 1700s, led by Robert Bakewell (among others), distinct livestock breeds were developed for specific purposes. Rabbits were among the last of the domestic animals to have these principles applied to them, but the rabbit’s rapid reproductive cycle allowed for marked progress towards a breeding goal in a short period of time. Additionally, rabbits could be kept on a small area, with a single person caring for over 300 breeding does on an acre of land. This led to a short-lived eighteenth century ‘boom’ in rabbit breeding, selling, and speculation, when a quality breeding animal could bring $75 to $200. (For comparison, the average daily wage was approximately $1.00.) The final leg of deliberate rabbit breeding – beyond meat, wool & fur - was the breeding of ‘fancy’ animals as pets and curiosity. The term ‘fancy’ was originally applied to long eared ‘lop’ rabbits, as the lop rabbits were the first rabbits bred for exhibition. They were first admitted to agricultural shows in England in the 1820s, and in 1840 a club was formed for the promotion and regulation of exhibitions for ‘Fancy Rabbits’.
In 1918, a new group formed for the promotion of fur breeds, originally including only Beverans and Havana breeds – now known as the ‘British Rabbit Council.’ In more recent years and in some countries, cuniculture has come under pressure from animal rights activists