Technology Adoption and Diffusion

Building Information Modelling (BIM) concepts and workflows continue to proliferate within organisations, through project teams, and across the whole construction industry. However, both BIM implementation and BIM diffusion are yet to be reliably assessed at market scale. Insufficient research has been conducted to date towards identifying the conceptual structures that would explain and encourage large-scale BIM adoption. This paper introduces a number of macro-adoption models, matrices and charts (Fig. 1). These models can be used to systematically assess BIM adoption across markets, and inform the structured development of country-specific BIM adoption policies.

This research is published in two complementary papers combining conceptual structures with data collected from experts across a number of countries. The first paper “Macro-BIM adoption: conceptual structures” delimits the terms used, reviews applicable diffusion models, and clarifies the research methodology. It then introduces five new conceptual constructs for assessing macro-BIM adoption and informing the development of market-scale BIM diffusion policies. The second paper “Macro-BIM adoption: comparative market analysis” employs these concepts and tools to evaluate BIM adoption and analyse BIM diffusion policies across a number of countries. Using online questionnaires and structured interviews, it applies the models, refines the conceptual tools and develops additional assessment metrics. The two papers are complementary and primarily intended to assist policy makers and domain researchers to analyse, develop and improve BIM diffusion policies.

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a set of technologies, processes and policies enabling multiple stakeholders to collaboratively design, construct and operate a facility.
There are numerous challenges attributed to BIM adoption by industry and academia. These represent a number of knowledge gaps each warranting a focused investigation by domain researchers. This study does not isolate a single gap to address but espouses a holistic view of the knowledge problem at hand. It contributes to the discussion a set of conceptual constructs that clarify the knowledge structures underlying the BIM domain. It also introduces a number of practicable knowledge tools to facilitate BIM learning, assessment and performance improvement.
This study is delivered through complementary papers and appendices to answer two primary research questions. The first explores the knowledge structures underlying the BIM domain whilst the second probes how these knowledge structures can be used to facilitate the measurement and improvement of BIM performance across the construction industry.
To address the first question, the study identifies conceptual clusters underlying the BIM domain, develops descriptive taxonomies of these clusters, exposes some of their conceptual relationships, and then delivers a representative BIM framework. The BIM framework is composed of three-axes which represent the main knowledge structures underlying the BIM domain and support the development of functional conceptual models.
To address the second question, BIM framework structures are extended through additional concepts and tools to facilitate BIM performance assessment and development of individuals, organizations and teams. These additional concepts include competency sets, assessment workflows and measurement tools which can be used to assess and improve the BIM performance of industry stakeholders.
In addressing these research questions, a pragmatic approach to research design based on available literature and applicable theories has been adopted. By combining several research strategies, paradigms and methods, this study (1) generates several new conceptual structures (e.g. frameworks, models and taxonomies) which collectively clarify the knowledge structures underlying the BIM domain; and (2) develops a set of workflows and tools that facilitate BIM assessment, learning and performance improvement.
This study delivers an extendable knowledge structure upon which to build a host of BIM performance improvement initiatives and tools. As a set of complementary papers and appendices, the study presents a rich, unified yet multi-layered environment of conceptual constructs and practicable tools; supported by a common framework, a domain ontology and simplified visual representations. Individually, each paper introduces a new framework part or solidifies a previous one. Collectively, the papers form a cohesive knowledge engine that generates assessment systems, learning modules and performance improvement tools.

Farmers invest much money for their cultivations but they failed recover their cost due to not having latest agricultural information. Mobile applications are maintained by local agencies to enhance information richness of farmers.  However, the farmers do not use those applications. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the factors affecting for the usage of mobile applications among farmers in agriculture in Bulathsinhala area.  The administrative questionnaire was developed getting help from previous studies and data were collected from 100 respondents who had smart phones using purposive sampling technique. The respondents were farmers who engaged with Land, Mud and Animal farming. The results revealed that Education and Knowledge, Social & Family Factors and Economic Condition had a significance relationship with usage of mobile application. According to Pearson correlation, Facilitating Conditions is also statistically significant to use mobile application by farmers but using regression rejects it. Famers must be educated to use agricultural applications, as well as agricultural societies must share the cost of those applications.

The research on the relationship between environmental sustainability, Information Technology, and Information Systems under the terms of Green IT and Green IS has grown exponentially during the last five years specifically in IS research community. We have applied the systematic literature review to understand and summarize the existing research related to the field with the aim of understating better the research field, categorizing the studies and identifying some research opportunities and gaps for future research. Our systematic literature review highlighted the need of research in some topics. This review summarizes the state of available information related to Green IT and Green IS studies.

En los últimos años, la irrupción de las nuevas tecnologías y la llegada del mundo digital se han extendido de una manera imparable, afectando a todos los ámbitos de la sociedad. La disciplina histórica no ha sido ajena a esta revolución y se ha visto alterada en múltiples aspectos: baste señalar la facilidad de acceso a los archivos, propiciada por la digitalización de los documentos; la aparición de nuevas herramientas de difusión, como los blogs, las redes sociales o las revistas digitales; y las nuevas modalidades de enseñanza online, que permiten crear un nuevo diálogo entre profesores y alumnos.

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Agrivoltaic systems are a strategic and innovative approach to combine solar photovoltaic (PV)-based renewable energy generation with agricultural production. Recognizing the fundamental importance of farmer adoption in the successful diffusion of the agrivoltaic innovation, this study investigates agriculture sector experts' perceptions on the opportunities and barriers to dual land-use systems. Using in-depth, semistructured interviews, this study conducts a first study to identify challenges to farmer adoption of agrivoltaics and address them by responding to societal concerns. Results indicate that participants see potential benefits for themselves in combined solar and agriculture technology. The identified barriers to adoption of agrivoltaics, however, include: (i) desired certainty of long-term land productivity, (ii) market potential, (iii) just compensation and (iv) a need for predesigned system flexibility to accommodate different scales, types of operations, and changing farming practices. The identified concerns in this study can be used to refine the technology to increase adoption among farmers and to translate the potential of agrivoltaics to address the competition for land between solar PV and agriculture into changes in solar siting, farming practice, and land-use decision-making.

The literature on user innovation has not considered laggards – the last group of users to
adopt a product – as a source of new ideas for innovative products and services. In this
paper, we develop the Lag-User Method to investigate laggards’ role in the process of idea
generation and new product development (NPD) and so enable firms to gain access to their
insights. We study laggards for 4 years in three countries and apply the Lag-User Method
to different technologies, products, and services, thereby generating 62 innovative ideas
across a wide range of industries and sectors. These ideas are discussed with executives to
obtain managerial insights. Our studies reveal that laggards who generate new ideas (i.e.
lag-users) can enrich NPD. Being coached through the systematic Lag-User Method, they
can come up with radical, really new, or incremental innovations. Moreover, applying the
method increased laggards’ perception regarding their (a) understanding of innovation, (b)
perception that people can learn to innovate, (c) perception of their ability to develop new
products on their own, (d) confidence about their own new ideas, and (e) perception of
considering themselves capable of innovating. Thus, we propose that by involving lagusers
in idea generation and NPD process, both academia and firms can improve the
effectiveness of NPD, overcome barriers to adoption of innovations, cross the chasm, and
accelerate the diffusion of their new products or services.

This study investigates the perception of accountants and auditors on the impact of XBRL adoption in Malaysia. This study also examines the possible challenges and strategies for XBRL adoption success. Using questionnaire survey, this study show that the accountants and auditors perceived the impact of XBRL adoption would be on business decision-making, regulatory compliance, continuous reporting, financial reports availability and analysis, and continuous auditing. This study also shows that lack of accounting qualification and lack of training are among the challenges for XBRL adoption in Malaysia. The implication of this study is that the accountants and auditors need to be given exposure on XBRL taxonomies and voluntarily filing programs. This study provides understanding to the government, regulators and standard setters on strategizing the initiative programs on voluntarily adopting XBRL in future. This would reduce the negative perception on the challenges that might be faced by the accountants and auditors prior to XBRL adoption.