Southern Latium

Le carte processuali che riguardano suppliche, raccomandazioni, consensi e sentenze sono frutto di una cultura condivisa e sono parte del rituale della parola che orientava e definiva i rapporti sociali in età moderna. Se da un lato è chiaro il carattere paternalistico del governo della giustizia, dall’altro risulta come, nel contesto feudale settecentesco, i vassalli avessero un certo margine di libertà all’interno della procedura giudiziaria. Inoltre, emerge la loro centralità nella definizione della pace e dell’armonia sociale della comunità.

L'articolo analizza le vicende storiche che hanno condotto alla creazione di una cappella all'interno del palazzo Colonna di Genazzano per volere del principe Filippo I che commissionò la decorazione pittorica ad affresco al pittore romano Marizio Ganassini, allievo del Cavalier D'Arpino. Le pitture raffigurano i santi cari alla devozione colonnese. Il testo presenta una approfondita analisi stilistica ed iconografica ed è corredato da ampie note e riferimenti bibliografici.

I rapporti tra poesia letteraria ed epigrafica nel territorio del Latium adiectum; vengono proposte alcune riflessioni sull'utilità dell'uso integrato di banche dati come Musisque deoque, Memorata poetis, EDR, Epigraphik-Datenbank Clauss Slaby. Analisi approfondita di CLE 12, 56 e 376.

"The remains of the Roman bridge known as “Devil’s Bridge” are
located along the “via vecchia Esperia” in the town of Pignataro
Interamna (Fr). It is placed in the suburbian area of Interamna Lirenas, east of the ancient colonia, along the road that led to Casinum, actually traced in part by existing road. A renovation of the area by the municipal administration of Pignataro Interamna made it possible for the first time a detailed graphic and photographic documentation of the bridge and the analysis of the main building aspects. The study of the monument showed that the bridge has comparisons with other examples of the late Republican age. Structural similarities and historical topographic considerations lead us to believe can be dated to the end of the II sec. BC (or the first years of the I sec. BC) as part of a larger territorial and road reorganization, probably after the destruction of Fregellae (125 BC)."

""Si analizza il ruolo del versante costiero del Lazio meridionale negli eventi storico-militari dell'epoca tra la prima e la seconda guerra sannitica. Alla luce delle testimonianze antiche (in particolare Livio) e degli studi moderni, si propone una nuova localizzazione della battaglia di « Lautulae » nel territorio di Fondi tra le vie Appia e Latina.

(from Année philologique)""

The aim of this book is to present an in-depth analysis of the socio-economic dynamics that took place from the Bronze Age until the middle of the eighth century BC, in the Latium Vetus (Italy). To understand the archaeological record, knowledge of the transformations through time of the various landscape units is necessary. Such knowledge was obtained by studying historical, geological and pedological maps, and by using air photography, pollen diagrams and soil augering as well as observations in the field. The presentation of the evidences takes the form of a catalogue that lists 232 sites: settlements, tombs (both isolated and necropoleis), hoards and ritual loci. This is the first time that all available archaeological evidence of the study area is catalogued in a single format. Furthermore, a number of locational variables for each site were analysed, using GIS techniques and statistical analysis, in order to identify certain tendencies in the location of settlements. A functional analysis of the catalogued sites was also conducted considering the potential natural harbours along the coast and evaluating the agricultural potential of the sites’ territories. In the concluding chapter an up-to-date explanation of the emergence of social inequality and the warrior elite is proposed as well as a global (proto)history of the subsistence economy and settlement patterns in the Bronze Age and Iron Age. In addition, a new and simple method is suggested for reconstructing the territories of the ancient protohistoric polities.

A group of amphora stamps have been found in Terracina (Agro Pontino). The discovery site is located at the convergence between the main road network (Via Appia) and the fluvial one (riverport), closely connected to the large seaport. Several classes of heterogeneous material were found in the archaeological survey: these include fragments of transport amphorae, from the 2nd century B.C. to the 2nd century A.D. The attested amphorae consists of several fragments of Dressel 1A-C, and Lamboglia 2 but also sporadic fragments of Rhodian, Greek-Italic and Brindisi amphorae.

La pubblicazione in questo lavoro di materiali da alcune sepolture eneolitiche (Cantalupo Mandela, Grottaferrata, Sgurgola, Anagni, Casamari, Valvisciolo) è l'occasione per una revisione delle facies culturali di questo periodo nel Lazio meridionale ed in Sabina. Dai dati disponibili sembra di riconoscere nel Lazio meridionale una delimitazione tra la zona di influenza della facies del Gaudo e quella nella quale prevalgono materiali assimilabili alla facies di Rinaldone, delimitazione riconoscibile all'altezza di Casamari e di Monte San Biagio. Nei contesti di abitato non si rinvengono ceramiche tipiche di Rinaldone e del GAudo, bensì frammenti di ceramica "a squame", e altri decorati con motivi a punteggio, a reticolo, a striature. Questo fa supporre che determinate fogge fossero riservate al rituale funebre e destinate a sottolineare elementi legati all'età o al ruolo sociale dei defunti.

Dopo la pubblicazione di G. Lugli del 1926, le mura di Terracina non erano state più oggetto di studi specifici, nonostante siano uno dei più rilevanti e conservati esempi di fortificazioni tardo-antiche. Dal confronto dei caratteri costruttivi e tipologici con i più significativi monumenti dell’epoca conservatisi nel bacino del Mediterraneo, soprattutto i rifacimenti di Onorio alle mura aureliane, viene suggerita una datazione alla prima metà del V secolo, che si accorderebbe con le fonti storiche che ricordano i lavori di Valentiniano III dopo la conquista dell’Africa nel 439. I resti di una cinta interna, venuti in luce dopo i bombardamenti alleati durante la seconda guerra mondiale, sono stati messi in evidenza per la prima volta in questo studio. Per la tipologia delle tecniche murarie, caratterizzate anche da ‘capricci’ decorativi delle maestranze, e dei criteri poliorcetici anche questa cittadella interna è riconosciuta come appartenente all’epoca tardo-antica, come pure le difese a cavallo della via Appia-Traianea, già attribuite all’epoca delle lotte dei baroni medievali. Anche il tracciato delle mura repubblicane, apparentemente interrotto dal lato verso il mare, è chiarito con maggiore precisione rispetto agli studi precedenti.
Inserisco questo studio in ricordo di Lucos Cozza, 'maestro delle mura'.

It is an emblem of a mosaic carpet, detached and transported away from the territory where it was found (official documents indicate generic origin from Formia). The emblem was seized by Borboni at the border with the Papal State, at Portella in the territory of Fondi (Lt). New unpublished documents are presented to clarify the vicissitudes, including the seizure of the mosaic and the request for a prize of discovery by the discoverer's family.

The villae maritimae along the Tyrrhenian coast of Italy are important testimonies of the Roman archi- tecture during the Late Republican and Imperial Ages: their analysis allows us to understand how the Romans were able to build directly on rocky coasts and jagged promontories, often deeply changing the natural landscape. Despite a long and fruitful tradition of studies on the subject, the scholars rarely worked on what now lies below the sea level, where, actually, a considerable part of the most remarkable structures is.
The Southern Latium Underwater Survey, established inside a cooperation agreement between the new Under- water Archaeology Research Unit of the University of Napoli "L'Orientale" and the Soprintendenza Archeologica del Lazio, aims at reconsidering the maritime villas of Southern Latium, and at increasing our knowledge through data coming from underwater contexts.
In September 2013, a first campaign of underwater surveys took place in Gianola, in the submerged part of a huge villa. Building techniques and decorative elements suggest a first phase during the 2nd century BC. A big fishpond was documented, with very interesting artefacts related with the closing system of the tanks and with the mixing of freshwater and salty water, for a more profitable fish breeding.

"The church at Amaseno, in the province of Frosinone, still holds a 13th century ‘tryptich’, which is unfortunately incomplete after its
theft, in 1977, and recovery, in 2002. In origin it was composed of three indipendent panels, within a single frame, representing the throned Virgin with the Child, in the central panel, Saint Nicholas, in the right panel, and Saint Ambrose, now lost, in the left panel.
This painting, although little known, is very interesting, both for its type – rather unusual in the 13th century, as it seems to forestall the later sacre conversazioni – both for its iconography, in particular, for the riding Saint Ambrose, who can be identified with the Roman centurion martyrized at Ferentino, and patron saint of
this town, in whose diocese Amaseno lies. This type of ‘pastoral’ connection justifies the saint’s presence in the tryptich and it suggests that this iconography was not developed at Amaseno for the first time. Indeed, it is possible that it was copied from one of the icons with riding saints that were so common in the Eastern Mediterranean and in the contexts of the Crusaders, with whom Amaseno had various contacts during the 13th century. The style shows composite traits because, although both the physionomies, like the Child’s, and some of the clothing reveal components
similar to those found in paintings from the areas of Rome and the Lazio in the first half of the 13th century, some other details and the rather stiff pictorial ductus seem to suggest a later date. The tryptich appears to be very close to the paintings present in the church’s presbytery and it may be the work of the same artists.
It cannot be excluded that the patron of this pictorial campaign, datable around 1293 – when some of the work in the church seems to have been finished – may have been a member of one of the most powerful and aggressive families in the Maremma and Campagna, Riccardo of the counts of Ceccano, who decided
to be buried in the church at Amaseno."

"La leggenda relativa alla città di Amyclae abbandonata per un'invasione di serpenti risale ad un nucleo tarantino di 4° s. a.C. : ὄφεις = « Ophikoi », Osci, scil. i Romani : Roma si spinge verso il Lazio meridionale costiero a scapito di Taranto ; nel 2° s. a.C. fu elaborata una seconda versione, per cui la città perì per il suo silenzio, un tema conforme alla moda pitagorica del tempo.

(da Année philologique)"

New historical and topographic reconstruction of the territory of Fondi (LT) through the identification, interpretation and study of the traces of human activity over time and the resulting interactions in area where marshes are present. The study starts from the archaeological survey to complete in comparative exegesis of archival and aerophotographic tools. Furthermore, by the use of input forms a GIS database has been populated with the collected data and integrated as expressed graphically in the archeological map. The territory of Fondi has historically suffered from a lack of systematic investigations, most of the information come from eighteenth and twentieth century. For this reason we have paid special attention to the analysis of the geomorphological and hydrographic aspects, to the comparison of the historic maps and archaeological aerial photos.

Rupestrian structures of the Roman age in the territory of Terracina (Southern Lazio)

This paper mainly involves an unprecedented catalogue of sacred and funerary structures but also infrastructures such as aqueducts and pathways that were dug into the karst rocks between the middle of the Republican period and the beginning of the Empire. In all the previous research, the focus was only on the inscriptions engraved in the rock, but now also even anepigraphic structures carved in the rock have been studied as well.
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Indirect archaeological news about the Lake of Fondi plain from ancient documents preserved in State Archives of Naples. The historical and cartographic documents studied contribute to increase the archaeological informations about structures of Roman Age now destroyed or never discovered before.

http://www.annalilazio.it/annali/vol-34-2017/

Für einen Ausschnitt der südlich von Rom gelegenen Campagna Romana werden ausgewählte Aspekte der Wohlstandsverteilung (mit Blick auf Architektur-und Ausstattungsluxus) im ländlichen Raum unter Verwendung eines quantitativen Analyseansatzes untersucht. Mithilfe der Kerndichteschätzung werden Räume identifiziert, in denen Fundstellen mit Wohlstandsindikatoren aus spätrepublikanischer Zeit und römischer Kaiserzeit in größter Dichte beieinander lagen. Das Untersuchungsgebiet orientiert sich am Kartenblatt Apiolae der Forma-Italiae-Reihe (DE ROSSI 1970).

In this paper, I discuss the development of settlement in the Pontine region in light of Rome’s expansionist undertakings. The field survey data acquired over the past 25 years within the Pontine Region Project allow us to reconstruct the changes in rural settlement that occurred between the 6th century BC, the floruit of the Latin urban centres in the region, and the late 4th century, a time at which Rome seems to have affirmed its control over the region. By comparing rural settlement developments and the transformations taking place at urban centres in different parts of the region, I will evaluate when and at which geographical scales changes occurred, and to what extent they may be attributed to local developments or rather to external processes such as Roman colonization.