Interferon gamma

... The role of major histocompatibility complex class I antigens in tumorigenesis: future applications in cancer therapy. Auteur(s) / Author(s). NAPOLITANO L. (1) ; VOGEL J. ; JAY G. ; Affiliation(s) du ou des auteurs / Author(s) Affiliation(s). ... Tumor. ; Antígeno histocompatibilidad clase ...

Promoter polymorphism of cytokine genes may lead to inter-individual differences in cytokine levels, therefore, polymorphisms may associate with susceptibility to infectious diseases. In this study, we investigated a possible association between interleukin-10 (IL-10) -1082A⁄G (rs1800896) and interferon (IFN)-gamma +874T/A (rs2430561) promoter polymorphisms and tuberculosis (TB) in the Azeri population of Iran. IL-10 -1082G/A and IFN-gamma +874T/A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped by amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR in 200 healthy controls and 124 tuberculosis patients. IL-10 -1082 A allele was more frequent in the control group than in the patient group (p=0.001, odds ratio [OR]=2.183). On the other hand, the AA genotype was significantly more frequent in the control group (p=0.0001). The frequency of IFN-gamma +874 T allele was significantly higher in the controls (p=0.013, OR=1.56). There was no significant association between IFN-gamma +874...

Rhodococcus equi, a facultative intracellular bacterium, causes chronic, often fatal granulomatous pneumo- nia in young horses and in humans with AIDS. The inability of host alveolar macrophages to kill intracellular R. equiresults in the development of granulomas and progressive loss of pulmonary parenchyma. Clearance of the organism from the lung requires functional CD4 1 T cells. The purpose of this

We investigated serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-10, IL-6, IL-4, TNFalpha, INFgamma in 7 patients with atypical parkinsonism (AP), 31 idiopathic PD (iPD) patients, 17 idiopathic PD with cardiovascular risk factor (iPD-CVRF) patients, and 20 age-matched controls (healthy, non-parkinsonian patients). Cytokine concentrations were measured using the Becton Dickinson (BD) human Th1/Th2 Cytokine kit II with a flow cytometry system. The concentrations of IL-2, IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, TNFalpha, and INFgamma were detectable in the serum from all groups, including the control. Increased serum IL-2, IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, TNFalpha, and INFgamma concentrations were found in all groups of parkinsonian patients, as compared to the control group. The highest elevations of serum IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TNFalpha, and INFgamma concentrations were observed in AP patients, as compared to the iPD and iPD-CVRF groups. However, the serum IL-6 concentration was higher in the iPD-CVRF group than in the iPD group. The IL-10 level was significantly higher in all groups of PD patients relative to the control group, but was the lowest in the serum from the AP patients. Moreover, the serum levels of lipid peroxidation products were enhanced 2.1- and 1.5-fold in AP and both iPD groups, respectively. These results argue in favor of the involvement of immunological events in the process of neurodegeneration in AP and PD.

A subunit vaccine targeting both transmission and pathogenic asexual blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum, i.e., a multi-stage vaccine, could be a powerful tool to combat malaria. Here, we report production and characterization of the recombinant protein GMZ2.6C, which contains a fragment of the sexual-stage protein Pfs48/45-6C genetically fused to GMZ2, an asexual vaccine antigen in advanced clinical development. To select the most suitable vaccine formulation for downstream clinical studies, GMZ2.6C was tested with various immune modulators in different adjuvant formulations (stable emulsions, liposomes, and alum) in C57BL/6 mice. Some, but not all, formulations containing either the synthetic TLR4 agonist GLA or SLA elicited the highest parasite-specific antibody titers, the greatest IFN-γ responses in CD4+ TH1 cells, and the highest percentage of multifunctional CD4+ T cells expressing IFN-γ and TNF in response to GMZ2.6C. Both of these agonists have good safety records in humans.

CD40 ligand (CD40L) deficiency predisposes to opportunistic infections, including those caused by fungi and intracellular bacteria. Studies of CD40L-deficient patients reveal the critical role of CD40L-CD40 interaction for the function of T, B, and dendritic cells. However, the consequences of CD40L deficiency on macrophage function remain to be investigated. We sought to determine the effect of CD40L absence on monocyte-derived macrophage responses. After observing the improvement of refractory disseminated mycobacterial infection in a CD40L-deficient patient by recombinant human IFN-γ (rhIFN-γ) adjuvant therapy, we investigated macrophage functions from CD40L-deficient patients. We analyzed the killing activity, oxidative burst, cytokine production, and in vitro effects of rhIFN-γ and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) treatment on macrophages. In addition, the effect of CD40L absence on the macrophage transcriptome before and after rhIFN-γ treatment was studied. Macrophages from CD40L-...

RPS19 (ribosomal protein S19), a component of the 40S small ribosomal subunit, has recently been identified to bind the pro-inflammatory cytokine macrophage MIF (migration inhibitory factor). In vitro experiments identify RPS19 as the first endogenous MIF inhibitor by blocking the binding of MIF to its receptor CD74 and MIF functions on monocyte adherence to endothelial cells. In the present study, we sought to establish whether recombinant RPS19 can exert anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse model of anti-GBM (glomerular basement membrane) GN (glomerulonephritis) in which MIF is known to play an important role. Accelerated anti-GBM GN was induced in C57BL/6J mice by immunization with sheep IgG followed 5 days later by administration of sheep anti-mouse GBM serum. Groups of eight mice were treated once daily by intraperitoneal injection with 6 mg of RPS19/kg of body weight or an irrelevant control protein (human secretoglobin 2A1), or received no treatment, from day 0 until being ki...