Brisbane

In our times, David Malouf in particular has transformed Brisbane into a city of the imagination as well as of bricks and mortar, or tongue and groove. This paper presents some earlier – and largely forgotten – evocations of Brisbane, beginning with Ludwig Leichhardt in 1844.

Brisbane Writers' Festival 2004 World War I represents something of a watershed in the participation of Brisbane women in literary life. There was a rapid increase in literary publications by women during and immediately after the war, and this was accompanied by an expansion of the range of subject matter tackled by women, and a diversification of genres. Perhaps the most striking phenomenon of the inter-war period is that the more professional of Brisbane's women writers shifted their output from poetry and short stories to novels. A case in point is Mabel Forrest, a well-known prewar poet, who wrote several highly successful novels during the inter-war period, including The Wild Moth (1924) which was made into the film The Moth of Moonbi by Charles Chauvel in 1926. Another example is Zora Cross, a successful local poet who moved to Sydney in the latter part of World War I, and began to publish novels such as Sisters of the Seven Mile [1924] and The Lute Girl of Rainyvale [1925]. Brisbane's teenage poet, Ernestine Hemmings, also moved to Sydney after the war and became the journalist and non-fiction author Ernestine Hill. 1 These two kinds of shifts – from poetry to prose and from Brisbane to Sydney – which were made by women who made a living from writing meant that Brisbane's inter-war women poets tended to be amateur or semi-professional, deriving the bulk of their income from sources other than publications. While this tendency produced a rather genteel and conservative milieu, without much of an experimental edge, we shouldn't underestimate the contribution of these women. If there is one element that characterises the poetry of Brisbane women during and immediately after World War I, it is a retreat from the 'bush poetry' of the earlier period, and the emergence of a more cosmopolitan aesthetic encompassing a broader range of themes: war and empire, motherhood and womanliness, religion and morality, the sex question and race. Women poets of this period seem to have consciously taken on the role of public poets, helping to negotiate Brisbane's transition from a frontier town to a modern, cosmopolitan city in which women had a voice. The prolific and popular Emily Coungeau perhaps best exemplifies the new, self-consciously 'cosmopolitan' type of woman writer who came to prominence in Brisbane during World War I. Coungeau was born in Essex in about 1860. As a teenager, she became a ladies' companion, travelling extensively in the Mediterranean and becoming fluent in five languages. She migrated to Australia in 1887 at the age of 17, and in 1889 married Naoum Coungeau, an Albanian restaurant keeper whom she had met on the island of Lesbos. 2 The couple moved to Brisbane, and from 1889 until 1919 they operated a wine saloon in Petrie Bight, almost opposite the Customs House. Here the Coungeaus served light wines, a continental style luncheon with fruit and confectionery, and a renowned café au lait made to Emily's special recipe. 3 The journalist Bernice May later recalled the saloon in 1916 as 'a picturesque place which was crowded with soldiers,

This Land-use Suitability Analysis (LSA) investigates how much land in UQ Pinjarra Hills should be dedicated for residential development, conservation and other potential uses. Throughout the research, the problem solving cycle framework was adopted. A multiple-decision criteria analysis (MDCA) was deemed most appropriate for the LSA due to the conflicting objectives of various stakeholders. Objectives and criteria formulated by the two groups of stakeholders (residential developers and conservationists) were mapped and combined to provide a visual analysis of the most suitable mixture of land-use within the cadastre of UQ Pinjarra Hills.

This article considers the implications of social media for the listing of heritage places. Through an analysis of the ‘Lost Brisbane’ Facebook site, which includes historic and contemporary images of Brisbane’s King George Square and related discussion, the value of alternative ‘citizen heritage’ is examined. While social media provides a place for a community of concerned citizens to express views and share memories of a place, the findings indicate that there is a disconnect between citizen heritage and conventional processes of heritage management, termed authorised heritage’, particularly around understandings of tangible and intangible cultural value. Despite this, we argue that social media can provide a useful and dynamic augmentation to the relatively static conventional processes for ascribing heritage values.

Almost ten years ago, Denis Byrne noticed that Aboriginal heritage was gradually becoming foundational to our identity as a nation.  Australia’s quest for a “longer past” necessitated acknowledgement of the continent’s Indigenous roots (Byrne 1996: 82).  However, relatively little attention is being directed to analyzing the heritage of what Rapoport termed the more pragmatic manifestations of Aboriginal presence (Rapoport 1972) – for example, campsites. 

This paper proposes that considering increasing evidence for Aboriginal camping grounds not only surviving after settlement but became historic camps (‘fringe’ camps or town camps), these entities may have shaped the origin and character of our towns and suburbs to a far greater degree than is usually conceded. Examining the history of several camping grounds in and near Brisbane (Queensland), the author demonstrates their role in the founding of particular suburbs, and how the current location of many parks and reserves is a direct result of their endurance into the 1890s or even into modern times.

Traditional Aboriginal camps have been viewed as transient entities that evaporated with European settlement, being replaced by 'fringe camps.' Kerkhove presents evidence for Aboriginal base camps persisting on their original sites into recent historic times, making a vital contribution to local events and local economies. He argues that these entities greatly influenced the siting, design and basic character of our towns, suburbs, and urban green spaces.

Zuckermann, Ghil'ad and Walsh, Michael 2011. ‘Stop, Revive, Survive!: Lessons from the Hebrew Revival Applicable to the Reclamation, Maintenance and Empowerment of Aboriginal Languages and Cultures’, Australian Journal of Linguistics 31.1: 111-127.

LINK TO THE ARTICLE: http://www.zuckermann.org/pdf/Revival_Linguistics.pdf

Final version:
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a932426202~frm=titlelink

DOI: 10.1080/07268602.2011.532859

Australian Journal of Linguistics (AJL)
Volume 31, Issue 1, January 2011, pages 111 - 127

Stop, Revive, Survive: Lessons from the Hebrew Revival Applicable to the Reclamation, Maintenance and Empowerment of Aboriginal Languages and Cultures

GHIL‘AD ZUCKERMANN and MICHAEL WALSH

University of Adelaide and University of Sydney


ABSTRACT

The revival of Hebrew is so far the most successful known reclamation of a sleeping tongue and is a language movement that has been in progress for more than 120 years. By comparison, language revival movements in Australia are in their infancy. This article provides comparative insights and makes information about the Hebrew revival accessible to Australian linguists and Aboriginal revival activists.

Needless to say, the first stage of any desire by professional linguists to assist in language reawakening must involve a long period of thoroughly observing, carefully listening to the people, learning, mapping and characterizing the specific indigenous community. Only then can one inspire and assist. That said, this article proposes that there are linguistic constraints applicable to all revival attempts. Mastering them would be useful to endangered languages in general and to Aboriginal linguistic revival in particular.

This article contributes towards the establishment of Revival Linguistics, a new linguistic discipline and paradigm. Zuckermann`s term Revival Linguistics is modelled upon 'Contact Linguistics' (<language contact). Revival linguistics inter alia explores the universal constraints and mechanisms involved in language reclamation, renewal and revitalization. It draws perspicacious comparative insights from one revival attempt to another, thus acting as an epistemological bridge between parallel discourses in various local attempts to revive sleeping tongues all over the globe.


Keywords: Revival Linguistics, Language Revival, Aboriginal Studies, Hebrew, Social Empowerment, Hybridity and Multiple Causation, Purism versus Compromise, Language and Identity, Contact Linguistics, Yiddish, Aboriginal English, Anthropological Linguistics, Sociolinguistics, Language Endangerment, Resilience Linguistics, Revitalization, Renewal.


Dedicated to Professor Michael Clyne z"l



ARTICLE

"I must study politics and war that my sons may have liberty to study mathematics and philosophy. My sons ought to study mathematics and philosophy, geography, natural history, naval architecture, navigation, commerce, and agriculture, in order to give their children a right to study painting, poetry, music, architecture, statuary, tapestry, and porcelain."

(John Adams, 1735–1826, second president of the United States)


The main aim of this article is to suggest that there are perspicacious lessons applicable from the relatively successful Hebrew revival to the reclamation, maintenance and empowerment of Aboriginal languages and cultures. 'Language is power; let us have ours', wrote Aboriginal politician Aden Ridgeway on 26 November 2009 in the Sydney Morning Herald. Previous revival efforts have largely failed (for obvious reasons, we are not going to single out specific failures here). While there have been some good results from several projects since 1992 (e.g. Kaurna, see below), Aboriginal people overall do not see as many positive outcomes from revival programmes as they would like. In large part this is the result of shortage of sufficient (continuity of) funding, lack of technical expertise, and lack of integration of school-based programmes with community language programmes. However, there are purely linguistic reasons too: Many revival efforts were not supported by a sound theoretical understanding of how successful language revival works. As pointed out by Thieberger (2002), decisions about the appropriate target for language maintenance programmes are too often driven by structural linguistics, where the supposed ideal is intergenerational transmission of the language with all its original structural complexity retained, thus creating unrealistic expectations among the Aboriginal community.

This article is the first of its kind as it will innovatively draw crucial insights from 'Modern Hebrew' (henceforth, Israeli – see Zuckermann 1999), so far the most successful known reclamation attempt of a sleeping tongue. Zuckermann's (2008a, 2009, 2010, 2011) research on Israeli demonstrates which language components are more revivable than others. Words and conjugations, for example, are easier to revitalize than intonation, discourse, associations and connotations. We should encourage revivalists and Aboriginal leaders to be realistic rather than puristic, and not to chastise English loanwords and pronunciation, for example, within the emergent language. Applying such precious conclusions from Hebrew will closely assist Australian revivalists in being more efficient, urging them not to waste time and resources on Sisyphean efforts to resuscitate linguistic components that are unlikely to be revivable.

While the results the endeavors we are proposing here have considerable value as a research enterprise, one can also consider them in terms of a cost-benefit analysis (Mühlhäusler and Damania 2004, Walsh 2008): Language revitalization contributes to social reconciliation, cultural tourism (Clark and Kostanski 2005), capacity building, and improved community health for Indigenous peoples (Walsh forthcoming B). In the process of language revival, some Aboriginal people will go from being dysfunctional (cf. Sutton 2009) to well-balanced, positive people. The benefits to the wider community and to Australian society are immense.

Reversing language shift (RLS) (Fishman 1991, 2001, Hagège 2009, Evans 2010, Walsh 2005a, Zuckermann 2011) is thus of great social benefit. Language revival does not only do historical justice and address inequality but can also result in the empowerment of people who have lost their heritage and purpose in life.

Some Aboriginal people distinguish between usership and ownership. There are even those who claim that they own a language although they only know one single word of it: its name. Consequently, some Indigenous Australians do not find it important to revive their comatose tongue. We, on the other hand, have always believed in Australia’s very own roadside dictum: ‘Stop, revive, survive!'


Background: The Hebrew Revival

I suppose the process of acceptance will pass through the usual four stages: 1. This is worthless nonsense. 2. This is an interesting, but perverse, point of view. 3. This is true, but quite unimportant. 4. I always said so. (Haldane 1963: 464)

'Hebrew' is the most quoted example of a successful language revival. On the other hand, if we are to be brutally truthful with ourselves, the modern-day vernacular spoken in downtown Tel Aviv is a very different language – both typologically and genetically – to that of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) or of the Mishnah, the first major redaction of Jewish oral traditions.

Hebrew was spoken since approximately the 14th century BC. It belonged to the Canaanite division of the northwestern branch of the Semitic languages, which constitute a branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family. Following a gradual decline, it ceased to be spoken by the second century AD. The failed Bar-Kokhba Revolt against the Romans in Judea in 132-5 AD marks the symbolic end of the period of spoken Hebrew. We believe that the Mishnah was codified around 200 AD because Hebrew was then dying as a mother tongue. Rabbi Judah haNasi and his collaborators might have realized that if they did not act then to redact the oral tradition, it would soon have been too late because Jews were already speaking languages other than Hebrew. (In fact, the Gemara, the other component of the Babylonian Talmud, which was codified around 500 AD, was written in Aramaic rather than in Hebrew.)

For approximately 1,750 years thereafter, Hebrew was ‘clinically dead’. A most important liturgical and literary language, it occasionally served as a lingua franca – a means of communication between people who do not share a mother tongue – for Jews of the Diaspora, but not as a native language.

Fascinating and multifaceted Israeli, which emerged in Palestine (Eretz Israel) at the end of the nineteenth century, possesses distinctive socio-historical characteristics such as the lack of a continuous chain of native speakers from spoken Hebrew to Israeli, the non-Semitic mother tongues spoken by the Hebrew revivalists, and the European impact on literary Hebrew. Consequently, it presents the linguist with a unique laboratory in which to examine a wider set of theoretical problems concerning language genesis, social issues like language, identity and politics, and important practical matters, such as whether it is possible to revive a no-longer spoken language.

The genetic classification of Israeli has preoccupied scholars since its genesis. The still regnant traditional thesis suggests that Israeli is Semitic: Hebrew revived. The revisionist antithesis defines Israeli as Indo-European: Yiddish relexified; that is, Yiddish, the revivalists’ mother tongue, is the 'substratum', whilst Hebrew is the 'superstratum' providing the vocabulary (cf. Horvath and Wexler 1997). According to Zuckermann's mosaic (rather than Mosaic) synthesis, Israeli is not only multi-layered but also multi-parental. A Semito-European, or Eurasian, hybr...

This study measures where gentrification has been occurring in the past decade in Australia's three major cities: Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne. Based on existing theory, an analytical framework is built to locate gentrification, which takes into account various demographic indicators and spatial markers, The findings are quite surprising, and contradict earlier urban geography theories that frame gentrification as an inner-city phenomenon. The highest levels of gentrification are not found in the immediate inner cities but rather in a band located 5 to 15 km from the CBDs. In contrast to outer suburbs, the inner suburbs in all three cities are relatively stable and affluent at this point, with median house prices surpassing one million dollars, and median incomes substantially higher than average. The 'new middle class' which has traditionally been associated with inner city gentrification is unable to access the housing market in these previously gentrified suburbs, and is therefore moving outwards.

Woolloongabba is an inner city suburb of Brisbane that is currently losing the economic prominence it once possessed. The former transportation hub of Brisbane is currently experiencing an exodus of businesses. To some extent, urban decay is evident almost everywhere within its boundary. This urban regeneration plan use the SWOT analysis tool to identify the main strengths and weaknesses of Woolloongabba. Opportunities and threats of the suburb are identified in response to the wider context of Woolloongabba within Brisbane. Numerous tasks were carried out to provide a full analysis of the site, such as Mobility study and economic, environmental and social sustainability. This conceptual plan forms a comprehensive study of Woolloongabba, which is useful for formulating ideas on how to develop site 2 as shown in page 24.

'Park 'n' Ride' facilities (PnR) initially emerged to accommodate motorists that would otherwise exhaust the local supply of parking around train stations and other rapid high occupancy vehicle nodes but increasing became a planning strategy to provide commuters from auto-dependent suburbs with access to rapid high occupancy vehicle to reduce their environmental impacts and inner-city road and parking capacity requirements. Theoretically, PnR should influence modal choice by making the transfer between car and rapid transit more convenient yet this base assumption rarely matches the empirical reality. Our synthesis of the PnR literature suggests that motorists deciding whether to park-and-ride have considerations beyond minimising their travel duration and expenses, and we develop a new integrative model of PnR, multi-modalism, and modal choice to illustrate how reliability and competing transport planning strategies such as inter-city mobility, transit-oriented development, and active transport interact and inform modal choice. Upon laying these theoretical foundations, we empirically examine the extent to which developing or modifying PnR influences modal choice in our case study context, Brisbane, Australia. Our research findings suggest that it is new rather than modified PnR that influence modal choice and that new park and riders are typically drawn from nearby locations rather than peripheral and therefore auto-dependent areas. This influence is particularly evident in suburbs closer to the inner city, and is problematic given that these are not the intended users of PnR. Our synthesis and examination of multi-modalism and modal choice has important implications for researchers, planners, and policy makers attempting to influence modal choice and improve the efficiency of urban mobility.

To facilitate the urban regeneration process of Woolloongabba Antiques Precinct, Machino on Woolloongabba is proposed for our chosen site 2. Economic, social and environmental sustainability had been carefully studied with reference to the most advanced ideas from subtropical urban design, transit-oriented development as well as urban design. Machino on Woolloongabba will be an integrated development which includes TAFE headquarters, residential apartments complete with exciting opportunities for commercial, retail and entertainment opportunities. The development will be seamlessly integrated with the world renowned Brisbane Bus Rapid Transit. High quality living will be complemented by state-of-the-art man-made subtropical landscape on the roof as well as at the plaza area. Machino on Woolloongabba is designed for those who wants to enjoy the exciting inner-city lifestyle without loosing touch to the balmy subtropical living. Welcome to Machino on Woolloongabba, where inner-city living and holiday are never too far away.

For nearly three decades, Brisbane-based architects Donald Watson and William Spence Jamieson have employed striped polychrome masonry in their respective architectural practices. Indeed, the two ostensibly have much in common: they are of similar age; both studied at the University of Queensland; and for many years they worked side-by-side—although never together—on a similar array of institutional buildings for the Queensland State Government. Some of their work even looks similar, due in no small part to the common use of stripes. However, through a closer examination of Watson and Jamieson’s banded masonry, and through discussions with the architects themselves, quite different attitudes towards colour and surface are revealed. While Watson’s stripes tend to engage with matters intrinsic to construction, annotating the building’s surface with bands that mark its material and organisational discipline, Jamieson’s seem to embrace extrinsic meaning, including historical and cultural references, and often appear to have an independent logic all of their own. What is also curious about their work, is that it seems to repeat opposing nineteenth century positions on polychromy, mirroring the debate between proponents of the High Victorian Movement. More precisely, Jamieson’s stripes seem to reprise aspects of William Butterfield’s work, and the influential arguments of John Ruskin, whilst Watson’s banding appears to follow the ideas of G. E. Street, who advocated for a “constructional” school of polychromy in contradistinction to Ruskin’s “incrusted” approach.

The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it will document the use of striped polychrome masonry in the institutional architecture of Watson and Jamieson. Second, it will attempt to establish a critical understanding of their adoption of such distinct concepts of colour, more than a century after they were first debated on the other side of the world.

Like elsewhere, the music industry in Queensland is comprised of two tiers. The first tier is composed of products and services engaged by major music labels and commercially successful artists who at times attract significant sales. The second tier, or what is sometimes referred to as the 'grassroots' (Gibson, 2002), largely consists of independent musicians, production personnel and producers attracting both niche and at times mainstream audiences. Characterised by informally networked micro-economies, independent artists, niche markets and the exploitation of new technologies, the second tier is also of interest to cultural researchers who have tended to concentrate on sub-cultural music communities and music produced outside of the mass market first tier.

A mapping survey, which examined the Queensland music industry in terms of size, location, income and activity, is complemented by interviews with musicians, label owners, production personnel and others involved in the music "scene". We explore how second tier practices (such as a reliance on social networking to achieve recordings and performance opportunities, as well as DIY culture and innovative business approaches) offer alternative methods for "doing music" and generating value in the creative industries.

This article examines the role of city brand repositioning in the economic and sociological transformation of a second-ranked city, developing a conceptual framework that identifies the possibilities and limits of city brand repositioning to enhance a city's global status and reputation. Brisbane, a second-ranked Australian city, is selected to study the influence of city brand repositioning on the process of urban transformation over a 34 year period from 1979 to 2013. The findings of this historical analysis highlight the efficacy of targeted rebranding campaigns and incentives for different market segments (i.e. tourism, investment, education). In particular, positive demographic and economic outcomes for the city were associated with real and psychological repositioning of the city brand. These repositioning strategies communicated substantive changes in the city's demographic and industrial structure, underpinned by multi-level government policies and programmes to cultivate a few globally connected clusters where the city could be competitive – tertiary education and professional, scientific and technical services – both within Australia and globally.

The folkloric power of place cannot be underestimated. This article examines the importance of David Malouf's childhood home in South Brisbane—12 Edmonstone Street—in shaping the imagination of one of Australia's most celebrated writers. It also addresses another very different kind of South Brisbane architectural site, hairdresser Stefan Ackerie's phallic Skyneedle. What will be considered is how Malouf's now long destroyed weatherboard home preserves the sheen of mythology, whereas Ackerie's all too visible Skyneedle short circuits the very possibility of being legendary because of its vertical omnipresence.

Written nearly twenty years ago, in 2004, I wrote this report, with questions for reflection, on the basis of a get-together of inner city Lutheran pastors in Australia. It is somewhat rough! The first such meeting was held in Sydney, in 2002, something I initiated with Rev. Brian Schwarz. Why hold such a meeting? A characteristic is to hold “sector” meetings/conferences in the church: for School chaplains (“school pastors”); Church teachers; Lutheran Community Care; hospital and army chaplains; indigenous pastors, post-covid church probably etc.  I had a number of convictions: 1) some inner city pastors are isolated; 2) the global village has come to the city in an increasingly urbanised world. 3) the nature of Australia’s inner cities is changing.  4)Historically, we have been told that the background of the Lutheran Church of Australia  is in a rural church and not an urban one. Yet, historically, some of the inner city churches have existed since the mid 19th century and all of them have lived through wars and great sociological and architectural changes in the city, and responded to them. Map of the CBDs of capital cities are presented with the location of Lutheran Churches.

This analysis report provides a snapshot of the survey research on assessing the effectiveness of public participation in Brisbane’s Neighbourhood Planning Programme. To form a holistic picture of the issue, two open-ended questions from a recent research survey were studied to shed light on challenging areas in the current process, framework and future planning implications of the Sherwood-Graceville Neighbourhood Plan (SGNP). Figure 1 indicates the location of Sherwood-Graceville District in the South East Queensland region, encompassing 4 suburbs including Sherwood, Graceville, Corinda and parts of Tennyson. 2006 Census from the Australian Bureau of Statistics shows that the district had a population of approximately 16,500 people. SGNP was formulated together with 35 other neighbourhood plans in 2006 to accommodate regional population growth within the metropolitan area by allocating growth to different districts. For Brisbane, the number of additional dwelling allocated is 156,000 till 2031, of which 138,000 would come from infill development. For SGNP, the controversy and media coverage of community disagreement with SGNP had raised questions about the legitimacy, transparency and effectiveness of the public participation process (PPP), which this report seeks to deconstruct.

South Korean artist Haegue Yang is busy. Yayoi Kusama-busy. Her first solo exhibition for an Australian institution, at Brisbane’s Institute of Modern Art (IMA), comes on the back of contributions to the 21st Biennale of Sydney, the 10th Liverpool Biennial and her first career retrospective, ‘ETA’, at the Museum Ludwig, Cologne, presented as part of Germany’s prestigious Wolfgang Hahn Prize. The title of Yang’s retrospective, an abbreviation of ‘Estimated Time of Arrival’, is indicative of how the artist’s nomadic lifestyle is crucial to her practice, which operates between Seoul, Berlin and any number of temporary jaunts in the international art world. At the IMA, ‘Triple Vita Nestings’ continued Yang’s now familiar treatment of ‘ready-to-hand’ materials, creating multimedia assemblages that act as portable partitions in the gallery space. Atmospheric and effortless, playful and melancholic, antisocial yet longing for connection, the exhibition presented itself as the work of someone who, always on the go, has long since departed for other horizons.

Best Reviews- A prominent name for carpet cleaning Brisbane- Shining, immaculate and fresh carpets like never before

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In this study, performance-based planning is implicated in the destabilisation of community trust in the planning system. Set in a contested inner city area of Brisbane, Australia, the research associates neoliberal planning objectives with the discretionary decision-making specifically embedded in performance-based planning. The neoliberalisation of planning is, we submit, symptomatic of a post-ideological politics of consensus that actually erodes properly political moments and renders the political merely administrative. We explore these matters by reference to a particular case study involving a spatial planning project that resulted in height and density being extended to unprecedented levels, and competitive economic value and city branding being prioritised over the local value of the place. This discretionary action, limited formal participation opportunities, and existing low levels of community trust motivated local residents to mobilise against the plan and design alternatives. To understand the role of trust and participation in performance-based planning in this case and more generally a number of stakeholders were interviewed and surveyed to gather their views on participation, trust, and discretion in planning, and on the performance-based planning system. A surprising research finding is that many stakeholders expressed trust in planning professionals, but distrust in the planning system in which planners operate on the understanding that the system gives unfettered priority to economic growth objectives.

In theory, Australian cities are ideal for cycling. In view of their high potential, this study seeks to answer " why Australia is not a cycling mecca. " This is an issue of importance in the current era of grave concern about climate change. The authors have sought input from professionals working in government and non-government organisations across five of the largest state capitals (Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, and Adelaide). The conceptual framework which guided the research considers the role of ideas, interests, and institutions in facilitating or preventing policy change in favour of cycling. In addition to identifying barriers, the study provides a set of recommendations on how to overcome those barriers.

Catalogue essay for the exhibition 'ephemeral traces: Brisbane's artist-run scene in the 1980s', University of Queensland art Museum, Brisbane 2 April to 26 June 2016. This essay examines artist-run spaces in Brisbane during the 1980s, in the context of infrastructural activism and local politics.