Geologically, a fjord or fiord (English pronunciation: i/ˈfjɔːrd/ or
i/fiˈɔːrd/) is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by glacial erosion. There are many fjords on the coasts of Alaska, British Columbia, Chile, Greenland, Iceland, the Kerguelen Islands, New Zealand, Norway, Labrador, Nunavut, Newfoundland, and Washington state.
A fjord is formed when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley by ice segregation and abrasion of the surrounding bedrock. Glacial melting is accompanied by the rebounding of Earth's crust as the ice load and eroded sediment is removed (also called isostasy or glacial rebound). In some cases this rebound is faster than sea level rise. Most fjords are deeper than the adjacent sea; Sognefjord, Norway, reaches as much as 1,300 m (4,265 ft) below sea level. Fjords generally have a sill or shoal (bedrock) at their mouth caused by the previous glacier's reduced erosion rate and terminal moraine. In many cases this sill causes extreme currents and large saltwater rapids (see skookumchuck). Saltstraumen in Norway is often described as the world's strongest tidal current. These characteristics distinguish fjords from rias (e.g. the Bay of Kotor), which are drowned valleys flooded by the rising sea.
Åfjord is a municipality in Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. It is part of the Fosen region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Årnes. Other villages in the municipality include Revsnes, Harsvika, and By. Åfjord is located on the northwestern side of the Fosen Peninsula, northwest of county capital of Trondheim between the municipalities of Bjugn and Osen and to the west of Verran in the neighboring county of Nord-Trøndelag.
The municipality of Aafjord was established on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). On 26 March 1870, a royal resolution moved a small, unpopulated part to Aafjord to neighboring Bjugn. On 1 January 1896, the Jøssund area was separated from Aafjord to form a municipality of its own, leaving Aafjord with 2,419 residents. On the same date, the name of Aafjord was changed to just Aa. The spelling was later changed to Å. On 13 July 1934, the name of the municipality was changed from "Å" to "Åfjord". After that, the administrative centre in the municipality was referred to as "Å" or "Å i Åfjord". On 1 January 1964, the municipality of Stoksund was merged with Åfjord to form the new, larger municipality of Åfjord. Prior to the merger, Åfjord had 2,643 residents. On 1 November 1980, the postal service changed the name of the municipal center from "Å i Åfjord" to "Årnes".
Å is a village in the municipality of Åfjord in Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The village is also called Årnes or Å i Åfjord or just Åfjord. It is the administrative center of the municipality. The village is located at the end of the Åfjorden, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) west of the village of By. The lake Stordalsvatnet lies just east of the village. The 1.3-square-kilometre (320-acre) village has a population of 1,162.Åfjord church is located in Å, just west of the Nordalselva river.
The village is named after the old Aa farm, first referenced in 1329 as "Aom". The name "Aa" (Old Norse: Ár) comes from the plural of á which means "(small) river", probably because two rivers run together beneath the farm. With the Norwegian spelling reforms in the early 20th century, the letter "Aa" was changed to "Å". On 13 July 1934, the name of the municipality was changed from "Å" to "Åfjord". Since then, the administrative centre in the municipality was referred to as "Å i Åfjord". On 1 November 1980, the postal service changed the name from "Å i Åfjord" to "Årnes".