Zlatoust

Zlatoust (Russian: Златоуст; IPA: [zlətɐˈust]) is a city in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Ay River (in the Kama basin), 160 kilometers (99 mi) west of Chelyabinsk. Population: 174,962 (2010 Census);194,551 (2002 Census);207,794 (1989 Census); 181,000 (1971); 161,000 (1959); 99,000 (1939); 48,000 (1926); 21,000 (1910).

Etymology

The city's name is derived from the Russian translation of Chrysostom, because it was founded near a church dedicated to that saint.

History

It was founded in 1754 due to construction of the ironworks. In 1774–1776, the workers of the plant took part in the insurrection led by Yemelyan Pugachev. In the early 19th century, Pavel Anosov made the first Russian bulat steel blades in Zlatoust. It was granted town status in 1865. From 1865 to 1919 Zlatoust was part of Ufa Governorate. The town is also known for the first cannons made of Russian steel. In 1903, the Tsarist authorities brutally suppressed a strike, organized by the workers of Zlatoust.

In the beginning of the 19th century, an arms factory was constructed there which began to produce sabres and swords. Famous artists Ivan Bushuyev and Ivan Boyarshinov authored unique patterns of cold-steel decorated with engravings. Flying winged horse was a favorite element of many of Bushuyev's engravings, so he was given a nickname Ivan the Wingy (Ivanko Krylatko). Since then, a pegasus has been an emblem of the town.

Tryokhgorny

Tryokhgorny (Russian: Трёхго́рный, lit. (a town of) three mountains) is a closed town in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located in the western part of the oblast 200 kilometers (120 mi) from Chelyabinsk. Population: 33,670 (2010 Census);34,290 (2002 Census).

History

On January 24, 1952, the Council of Ministers of the USSR decreed to build Plant #933 (Instrument Factory) for the production of atomic bombs. Konstantin Volodin headed the new plant. On April 9, 1952, first construction workers arrived to the area.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the Town of Tryokhgorny—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the Town of Tryokhgorny is incorporated as Tryokhgorny Urban Okrug.

Closed status

The town is closed because a plant producing parts of atomic reactors is located there.

References

Notes

Sources