Zavolzhye Engine Factory

The Zavolzhye Engine Factory (in Russian, Zavolzhye Motorni Zavod, ZMZ) was a Soviet automotive engine producer.

The plant was begun in April 1958 to provide GAZ with engines, in particular for its new GAZ-21 Volga.

The factory's first product was a brand-new 2,445 cc (149.2 cu in) OHV engine. Unusual for the era, it had aluminum block and head, with chain-driven camshaft and compression ratio of 6.6:1; it produced 70 hp (52 kW; 71 PS) at 4,000 rpm and 123 lb·ft (167 N·m) at 2,200 rpm. The first engine was assembled 4 November 1959; by December 1968, ZMZ had produced one million examples.

ZMZ became independent in 1961, and was bought by UAZ in 2001.

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ZMZ 24

The ZMZ 24 was an automobile engine produced by Zavolzhye Engine Factory (Zavolzhye Motorni Zavod, ZMZ) in the Soviet Union.

The ZMZ 24 was an aluminium-block overhead valve (OHV) inline four design, an evolution of the ZMZ 21A, displacing 2,445 cc (149.2 cu in), and in its initial appearance, produced with chain-driven camshaft and compression ratio of 6.6:1; it produced 70 hp (52 kW; 71 PS) at 4,000 rpm and 123 lb·ft (167 N·m) at 2,200 rpm. It was also produced as the UMZ 4178.10.

It "quickly became the mainstay of the Soviet engine industry", and would be used in a variety of vehicles.

The improved ZMZ 24D, found in the GAZ 24, ran on 92 RON gasoline (while the ZMZ 24-01 could use commonly available 76 octane, and the 24-07 could use liquid propane). The cylinder block was die cast, instead of the slower coquille for the 21A. The engine featured a twin-choke carburettor, with a higher compression ratio, producing 95 hp (71 kW; 96 PS) at 4500 rpm and an even more impressive 186 N·m (137 ft·lbf) of torque at 2200–2400 RPM.