YOYO-1

YOYO-1 is a green fluorescent dye used in DNA staining. It belongs to the family of monomethine cyanine dyes and is a tetracationic homodimer of Oxazole Yellow (abbreviated YO, hence the name YOYO), typically available as tetraiodide salt. In aqueous buffer, free YOYO-1 dye (absorption: λ_max 458 nm, emission: λ_max 564 nm) has very low fluorescence quantum yield, however the intensity of fluorescence increases 3200 times upon binding to double-stranded DNA (absorption: λ_max 489 nm, emission: λ_max 509 nm).

Synthesis

YOYO-1 is prepared by alkylation of N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine with 2 equivalents of N-(3-iodopropyl) analogue of Oxazole Yellow, which is available in three steps from 2-mercaptobenzoxazole:

References

Yo-yo

A yo-yo (also spelled yoyo) is a toy which in its simplest form is an object consisting of an axle connected to two disks, and a length of string looped around the axle, similar to a slender spool. It is played by holding the free end of the string known as the handle (usually by inserting one finger in a slip knot) allowing gravity or the force of a throw to spin the yo-yo and unwind the string (similar to how a pullstring works), then allowing the yo-yo to wind itself back to one's hand, exploiting its spin (and the associated rotational energy). This is often called "yo-yoing". First made popular in the 1920s, yo-yoing remains a popular pastime of many generations and cultures. It was first invented in ancient Greece.

In the simplest play, the string is intended to be wound on the spool by hand; The yo-yo is thrown downwards, hits the end of the string, then winds up the string toward the hand, and finally the yo-yo is grabbed, ready to be thrown again. One of the most basic tricks is called the sleeper, where the yo-yo spins at the end of the string for a noticeable amount of time before returning to the hand.

Little Nikki

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Nicole Shortland (born 5 March 1996), better known by her stage name Little Nikki, is a singer-songwriter from London. She is best known for her 2013 single "Little Nikki Says", which peaked to number 53 on the UK Singles Chart. She was also a member of SoundGirl.

Career

2010–12: SoundGirl

She started off as a member of SoundGirl, They released the single "Don't Know Why" in June 2011, which peaked to number 45 on the UK Singles Chart. They also put two singles that were never released on their YouTube account, "The Game" and "Walking On Air". The band split up in April 2012.

2012–present: Breakthrough

On 2 November 2012 she released her debut single "Intro Intro". On 26 April 2013 she released her second single "Where I'm Coming From". On 6 September 6, 2013 she released her third single "Little Nikki Says" which was used for the advertisement for the summer range for Boohoo.com where Little Nikki and Boohoo created the "first ever shoppable music video", the song has peaked to number 53 on the UK Singles Chart. She was featured on Maxsta's "Wanna Go", the song was released on 29 September 2013, the song has peaked to number 43 on the UK Singles Chart. In addition, she co-wrote the song Towers from Little Mix's second album Salute. She has confirmed that her single "YoYo" was used in another Boohoo.com advert for their Autumn/Winter range. Nikki features on the 2014 DJ Fresh vs. TC single "Make U Bounce", a rework of TC's 2012 song "Make You Bounce". It was released on 22 June.