Tsar

Tsar /zɑːr/ (Old Church Slavonic: ц︢рь (usually written thus with a titlo) or цар, цaрь; also Czar or Tzar in Latin alphabet languages) is a title used to designate certain European Slavic monarchs or supreme rulers. As a system of government in the Tsardom of Russia and Russian Empire, it is known as Tsarist autocracy, or Tsarism. The term is derived from the Latin word Caesar, which was intended to mean "Emperor" in the European medieval sense of the term—a ruler with the same rank as a Roman emperor, with-holding it by the approval of another emperor or a supreme ecclesiastical official (the Pope or the Ecumenical Patriarch)—but was usually considered by western Europeans to be equivalent to king, or to be somewhat in between a royal and imperial rank.

Occasionally, the word could be used to designate other, secular, supreme rulers. In Asia and Russia the imperial connotations of the term were blurred with time, due to the medieval translations of the Bible, and, by the 19th century, it had come to be viewed as an equivalent of King.

Tsar (disambiguation)

Tsar, Tzar, and Czar are various Latin alphabet spellings of the same Slavic word, the title of a Russian, Bulgarian or Serbian monarch. It is derived from the word caesar, much like kaiser and keizer.

The word may also be:

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Czar (political term)

Czar is an informal title for certain high-level officials in the United States and the United Kingdom. Political czars can run or organize governmental departments, and may devote their expertise to a single area of work. The "czars" have various official titles which may include the terms adviser, director, administrator, or diplomatic envoy, but such titles are often quite long or awkward sounding.

In the United States, czars are generally executive branch officials appointed by the President either with Senate approval or without it. Some appointees outside the executive branch are called czars as well. Specific instances of the term are often a media creation.

In the United Kingdom, the term tsar is more loosely used to refer to high-profile appointments who devote their skills to one particular area.

United States

Development of term

The term 'czar,' is a word of Balkan origin etymologically originating from the name "Caesar," as does the word 'tsar,' a title of sovereignty adopted by late Rurukid-dynasty (Ivan III and Ivan IV the Terrible in particular) rulers of Muscovy. Confusion emerged when a German traveler recorded that the ruler of Muscovy at the time was titled 'czar,' due to a linguistic mistake derived from the fact that the Polish, with which the German had greater familiarity, titled some leaders 'czars.' The term czar was used to designate the Russian, Bulgarian or Serbian monarchs of pre-World War I Europe.

Wrongdoing

A wrong (from Old English wrang – crooked) is an act that is illegal or immoral.Legal wrongs are usually quite clearly defined in law of each state or jurisdiction. They can be divided into civil wrongs and crimes (or criminal offences) in common law countries, while civil law countries tend to have some additional categories, such as contraventions.

Moral wrong is an underlying concept for legal wrong, and some moral wrongs are punishable by law, for example rape or murder. Other moral wrongs have nothing to do with law. On the other hand, some legal wrongs, such as parking offences, could hardly be classified as moral wrongs.

Legal wrong

In law, a wrong can be a legal injury, which is any damage resulting from a violation of a legal right. It can also imply the state of being contrary to the principles of justice or law. It means that something is contrary to conscience or morality and results in treating others unjustly. If the loss caused by a wrong is minor enough, there is no compensation, which principle is known as de minimis non curat lex. Otherwise, damages apply.

Wrong (Everything but the Girl song)

"Wrong" is a song written and recorded by British group Everything but the Girl. It was released in June 1996 as the second single from their album, Walking Wounded. A club remix of the song provided by Todd Terry went to number-one on the Hot Dance Club Play chart. The remix also reached number 8 in Canada and the United Kingdom.

Chart performance

Tracey in My Room

In 2001 an official mash-up credited to EBTG vs Soul Vision titled "Tracey in My Room" was released, produced by Ben Watt using Tracey Thorn's vocal of "Wrong". A further remix of the track features on Everything but the Girl 2003 compilation album Like the Deserts Miss the Rain.

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References

Wrong (disambiguation)

Wrong is a concept in law and ethics that is the opposite of right. The word may also refer to:

Film and television

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People

Synonyms of "wrong"