The fragment antigen-binding (Fab fragment) is a region on an antibody that binds to antigens. It is composed of one constant and one variable domain of each of the heavy and the light chain. These domains shape the paratope — the antigen-binding site — at the amino terminal end of the monomer. The two variable domains bind the epitope on their specific antigens.
In an experimental setting, Fc and Fab fragments can be generated in the laboratory. The enzyme papain can be used to cleave an immunoglobulin monomer into two Fab fragments and an Fc fragment. The enzyme pepsin cleaves below hinge region, so a F(ab')2 fragment and a pFc' fragment is formed. Recently another enzyme for generation of F(ab')2 has been commercially available. The enzyme IdeS (Immunoglobulin degrading enzyme from Streptococcus pyogenes, trade name FabRICATOR) cleaves IgG in a sequence specific manner at neutral pH. The F(ab')2 fragment can be split into two Fab' fragments by mild reduction.[1]
The variable regions of the heavy and light chains can be fused together to form a single-chain variable fragment (scFv), which is only half the size of the Fab fragment, yet retains the original specificity of the parent immunoglobulin.[2]
See also [link]
References [link]
- ^ Larsson, Lars-Inge (September 1988). Immunocytochemistry: Theory and practice. Crc Press. p. 1. ISBN 0-8493-6078-1. https://books.google.at/books?id=-1zBtdvB4IMC&pg=PA1&lpg=PA1&dq=antibody+pFc%27+fragment&source=bl&ots=5hl94oyXmu&sig=4fCvPUt1hbwq-91KJDWAYLzhajE&hl=de&ei=58BIS6ifD8SI_AbNh8yhAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CEAQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=antibody%20pFc%27%20fragment&f=false.
- ^ Janeway, CA, Jr.; et al. (2001). Immunobiology (5th ed.). Garland Publishing. ISBN 0-8153-3642-X. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowTOC&rid=imm.TOC&depth=10.
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Fab (website)
Fab is an e-commerce company founded in 2010. Once estimated at a worth of over 1 billion dollars, in November 2014, the company was rumored to be in talks to sell for 15 million. In March 2015, PCH International acquired Fab for an undisclosed sum.
It grew from 175,000 members in June 2011, to over 10 million as of December 2012. As of April 30, 2013, Fab has disclosed that it receives 6 million unique visitors per month and have sold over 7 million products since launch. Fab is headquartered in Manhattan and operates a warehouse in Keasbey, New Jersey. The company has office locations in NYC, Pune (India), and Berlin.
History
Fab was founded in February 2010 by Jason Goldberg (entrepreneur) (formerly of XING AG and Jobster) and chief designer Bradford Shellhammer. The site was originally created as a social network for gay men and their friends before pivoting on June 9, 2011 into its model of daily design inspirations and sales. In November 2011, five months after re-launching, Fab reached 1 million members. The company reached this number faster than Facebook, Twitter and Groupon. In September 2012, Fab removed the membership requirements to browse the site. In December 2012, Fab passed 10 million members, up from 7.5 million members in September. Fab also announced it had sold more than 4.3 million products since its launch, averaging 5.4 products sold per minute. In July 2013, fab eliminated 100 positions at its Berlin office as a profit-building measure. Fab laid off 101 more staff, primarily at its New York office in October 2013, further reducing their workforce by 19 percent.
Fab Five
Fab Five may refer to:
- The Fab Five (film), a 2011 documentary on the above group
See also
Wolf (band)
Wolf is a Swedish heavy metal band from Örebro. Formed in 1995, the band has since released seven studio albums and toured with Saxon, Evile, Tankard and more recently, Trivium.
History
The band was formed in 1995 in Örebro, Sweden. They toured the United Kingdom with Primitai in early February 2015 in support of their seventh studio album Devil Seed, released in August 2014.
Members
Current members
Former members
Discography
Studio albums
South Devon Railway Eagle class
The Eagle class were sixteen 4-4-0 saddle tank broad gauge locomotives operated on the South Devon Railway, Cornwall Railway and associated adjacent railways. They were designed for passenger trains on this steep and sharply curved line but were also used on goods trains when required.
They were ordered by Evans, Walker and Gooch who were contracted to operate the locomotives for both the railways. They were designed by Daniel Gooch a development of his earlier Comet class with slightly smaller wheels and larger tanks containing 1,100 gallons, a 37.5% increase, and built by Slaughter, Grüning and Company.
From 1 July 1866 the locomotives were bought by the South Devon Railway, after which they were operated as a combined fleet over both railways, but they continued to be accounted to their original owner. On 1 February 1876 the South Devon Railway was amalgamated with the Great Western Railway, the locomotives were given numbers by their new owners but continued to carry their names too.
