West End of London

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Night entertainment in Leicester Square - a heart of the West End.

The West End of London (more commonly referred to as simply the West End) is an area of central London containing many of the city's major tourist attractions, shops, businesses, government buildings, and entertainment venues (including the commercial West End theatres). Use of the term began in the early 19th century to describe fashionable areas to the west of Charing Cross.[1] For strategic planning the area is identified as one of two international centres in the London Plan.[2]

The West End is the most expensive location in the world in which to rent office space.[3][4]

Contents

Location [link]

Located to the west of the historic Roman and Mediaeval City of London, the West End was long favoured by the rich elite as a place of residence because it was usually upwind of the smoke drifting from the crowded City. It was also located close to the royal seat of power at Westminster, and is largely contained within the City of Westminster (one of the 32 London boroughs). Developed in the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, it was originally built as a series of palaces, expensive town houses, fashionable shops and places of entertainment. The areas closest to the City around Holborn, Seven Dials and Covent Garden historically contained poorer communities that were cleared and redeveloped in the nineteenth century.

The name "West End" is a flexible term with different meanings in different contexts. It may refer to the entertainment district around Leicester Square and Covent Garden; to the shopping district centred on Oxford Street, Regent Street, and Bond Street; or, less commonly, to the whole of that part of central London (itself an area with no generally agreed boundaries) which lies to the west of the City of London.

Ward of the City of Westminster [link]

One of the local government wards within the City of Westminster is called 'West End'. This covers a far more narrow definition of Mayfair, Soho, and parts of Fitzrovia and Marylebone. However, in the United Kingdom, ward boundaries are generally only familiar to people involved in local politics and administration, and this ward carries little weight as an 'official' definition of the West End, and is not intended to do so.

Activities [link]

Taking a fairly broad definition of the West End, the area contains the main concentrations of most of London's metropolitan activities apart from financial services, which are concentrated primarily in the City of London. There are major concentrations of the following buildings and activities in the West End:

  • Art galleries and museums
  • Company headquarters outside the financial services sector (although London's many hedge funds are based mainly in the West End)
  • Educational institutions
  • Embassies
  • Government buildings (mainly around Whitehall)
  • Hotels
  • Institutes, learned societies and think tanks
  • Legal institutions
  • Media establishments
  • Places of entertainment: theatres; cinemas; nightclubs; bars and restaurants
  • Shops

The annual New Year’s Day Parade takes place on the streets of the West End.

Districts [link]

Using the broadest definition, these are the inner districts of the West End, which were all developed by about 1815:

The districts to the south, north and west of Hyde Park and Kensington Gardens were developed between the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 and the late 19th century, in some cases based on existing villages. The more fashionable of them were generally regarded as being in the West End at that time, but the extension of the term to these areas west of Park Lane is less common nowadays. The last two listed especially are fringe cases:

Notable streets [link]

Notable squares and circuses [link]

The West End is laid out with many notable public squares and circuses, the latter being the original name for roundabouts in London.

Transport [link]

London Underground Stations in the West End:

Education [link]

The City of Westminster operates the Charing Cross Library with the Westminster Chinese Library.[5][6]

References [link]

External links [link]

Coordinates: 51°30′48″N 0°07′43″W / 51.51333°N 0.12861°W / 51.51333; -0.12861


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West End

West End most commonly refers to:

  • West End of London, an area of central London, England
  • West End theatre, a popular term for mainstream professional theatre staged in the large theatres of London, England
  • West End may also refer to:

    Places

    Anguilla

  • West End, Anguilla
  • West End Pond
  • West End (Anguilla House of Assembly Constituency)
  • Australia

  • West End, Queensland, an inner-city suburb of southern Brisbane
  • West End, Queensland (Townsville), an old suburb of Townsville
  • West End, Western Australia, a western suburb of Geraldton
  • Bahamas

  • West End, Grand Bahama
  • Canada

  • West End, Kamloops, British Columbia
  • West End, Vancouver, British Columbia
  • West End, Winnipeg, Manitoba
  • West End, Halifax, Nova Scotia
  • The West End, New Westminster, British Columbia
  • England

  • River Westend, Derbyshire
  • West End, the former name of West Hampstead, London
  • West End, Bedfordshire
  • West End, Esher, Surrey
  • West End, Hampshire
  • West End, a suburb of Morecambe, Lancashire
  • West End (Portland, Maine)

    The West End is a downtown neighborhood in Portland, Maine. It is located on the western side of Portland's peninsula primarily on Bramhall Hill and is noted for its architecture and history. The neighborhood is home to a large number of historic homes and parks and, in 2010, it was called "one of the best preserved Victorian neighborhoods in the country". The Western Promenade, a park laid out in 1836, overlooks the Libbytown and Stroudwater neighborhoods of Portland and beyond. Other historic structures include 68 High Street, The Gothic House, Brown House, Butler House, Ingraham House, Morrill Mansion and the Minott House.

    The West End is known for ethnic and socioeconomic diversity; in 1994, it was called one of Portland's 'gay-friendly' neighborhoods.

    Education

    Reiche Community School, a public school located on Brackett Street, serves the West End's K-5 school-age students. It also houses a branch library, swimming pool, and community center. Waynflete School, a private school located on Spring Street, is also located in the neighborhood. Learning Works, formally known as Portland West, is located on Brackett Street in the West End. Founded as a community group fighting the gentrification of the West End in 1967, Learning Works is now a social services agency which provides educational opportunities to at-risk teenagers, immigrants, refugees and low income families.

    West End (Anguilla House of Assembly Constituency)

    West End is a constituency of the Anguillan House of Assembly. The incumbent, elected in the Anguillan general election, 2015 is Cardigan Connor of the Anguilla United Front, replacing Walcott Richardson of the Anguilla United Movement.

    Representatives

    Election results

    Elections in the 2010s

    Elections in the 2000s

    Elections in the 1990s

    Elections in the 1980s

    External links

  • Constituency results on the government's website.
  • County of London

    The County of London was a county of England from 1889 to 1965, corresponding to the area known today as Inner London. It was created as part of the general introduction of elected county government in England, by way of the Local Government Act 1888. The Act created an administrative County of London, which included within its territory the City of London. However, the City of London and the County of London formed separate counties for "non-administrative" purposes. The local authority for the county was the London County Council (LCC), which initially performed only a limited range of functions, but gained further powers during its 76-year existence. The LCC provided very few services within the City of London, where the ancient Corporation monopolised local governance, as it still does. In 1900 the lower-tier civil parishes and district boards were replaced with 28 new metropolitan boroughs. The territory of the county was 74,903 acres (303.12 km2) in 1961. During its existence there was a long-term decline in population as more residents moved into the outer suburbs; there were periodic reviews of the local government structures in the greater London area and several failed attempts to expand the boundaries of the county. In 1965, the London Government Act 1963 replaced the county with the much larger Greater London administrative area.

    Dickens' London

    Charles Dickens' works are especially associated with London which is the setting for many of his novels. These works do not just use London as a backdrop but are about the city and its character.

    Dickens described London as a Magic lantern, a popular entertainment of the Victorian era, which projected images from slides. Of all Dickens' characters 'none played as important a role in his work as that of London itself', it fired his imagination and made him write. In a letter to John Forster, in 1846, Dickens wrote 'a day in London sets me up and starts me', but outside of the city, 'the toil and labour of writing, day after day, without that magic lantern is IMMENSE!!'

    However, of the identifiable London locations that Dickens used in his work, scholar Clare Pettitt notes that many no longer exist, and, while 'you can track Dickens' London, and see where things were, but they aren't necessarily still there'.

    In addition to his later novels and short stories, Dickens' descriptions of London, published in various newspapers in the 1830s, were released as a collected edition Sketches by Boz in 1836.

    London (Samuel Johnson poem)

    London is a poem by Samuel Johnson, produced shortly after he moved to London. Written in 1738, it was his first major published work. The poem in 263 lines imitates Juvenal's Third Satire, expressed by the character of Thales as he decides to leave London for Wales. Johnson imitated Juvenal because of his fondness for the Roman poet and he was following a popular 18th-century trend of Augustan poets headed by Alexander Pope that favoured imitations of classical poets, especially for young poets in their first ventures into published verse.

    London was published anonymously and in multiple editions during 1738. It quickly received critical praise, notably from Pope. This would be the second time that Pope praised one of Johnson's poems; the first being for Messiah, Johnson's Latin translation of Pope's poem. Part of that praise comes from the political basis of the poem. From a modern view, the poem is outshined by Johnson's later poem, The Vanity of Human Wishes as well as works like his A Dictionary of the English Language, his Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets, and his periodical essays for The Rambler, The Idler, and The Adventurer.

    Radio Stations - West End of London

    RADIO STATION
    GENRE
    LOCATION
    Retro Soul Radio London R&B UK
    Energy FM DJ Mixes Non-Stop Dance UK
    RadioFish Country,Oldies,60s UK
    Radio Wivenhoe Varied UK
    Scanner: VHF Marine Radio Public UK
    RAT Radio Varied UK
    Gem 106 Varied UK
    BBC York Varied UK
    Skyline Gold 60s,Soft Rock,Rock,Oldies,Easy,Country,Classic Rock,80s,70s UK
    BBC Hindi - Tees Minute News Updates,Indian UK
    BBC Radio 1 Pop UK
    Free Radio Herefordshire & Worcestershire Pop,Top 40 UK
    Miskin Radio Pop UK
    EKR - WDJ Retro Rock,Adult Contemporary,Soft Rock UK
    RollinRadio Electronica UK
    Hard House UK Dance UK
    My Social Radio Top 40 UK
    Flight FM Electronica UK
    Remarkable Radio Oldies UK
    80s And More 80s UK
    Sunshine Gold Oldies UK
    House FM Dance,Electronica,Jungle UK
    Jemm Two Indie Rock UK
    Rickhits Pop UK
    Dance Music 24/7 - EHM Productions 90s,Dance,Electronica UK
    Hope FM 90.1 Christian Contemporary UK
    Phoenix Radio Rock,Classic Rock UK
    Gold FM Radio Rock,90s,80s,Adult Contemporary,Pop UK
    87.7 Black Cat Radio Oldies,Pop UK
    Radyo 90 Sports,Folk,Pop UK
    Chester Talking Newspaper Flintshire Edition News UK
    URN College UK
    Sauce FM Dance UK
    Anfield FM Sports UK
    Sky News News UK
    Citybeat 96.7FM Adult Contemporary UK
    BBC Hindi - Din Bhar News Updates,Indian UK
    RWSfm Varied UK
    BBC Surrey Varied UK
    106 Jack FM Oxfordshire Adult Contemporary UK
    Bradley Stoke Radio Varied UK
    Energy FM Old School Classics Dance UK
    Deddington OnAir Rock,Pop UK
    Summer Time Radio 90s,Dance,Electronica UK
    Stomp Radio R&B UK
    Stress Factor Dance,Electronica UK
    Total Biker FM Rock,Punk UK
    BBC Manchester Varied,News UK
    BrooklynFM Rock,Classic Rock UK
    FRED Film Ch9 Romanian Talk UK
    Fantasy radio Varied UK

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