Wave (audience)

The wave (known as the Mexican wave in the anglosphere outside North America) is an example of metachronal rhythm achieved in a packed stadium when successive groups of spectators briefly stand, yell, and raise their arms. Immediately upon stretching to full height, the spectator returns to the usual seated position.

The result is a wave of standing spectators that travels through the crowd, even though individual spectators never move away from their seats. In many large arenas the crowd is seated in a contiguous circuit all the way around the sport field, and so the wave is able to travel continuously around the arena; in discontiguous seating arrangements, the wave can instead reflect back and forth through the crowd. When the gap in seating is narrow, the wave can sometimes pass through it. Usually only one wave crest will be present at any given time in an arena, although simultaneous, counter-rotating waves have been produced.

Origins and variations

1970s–1980s

While there is general disagreement about the precise origin of the wave, most stories of the phenomenon's origin suggest that the wave first started appearing at North American sporting events during the late 1970s and early 1980s. Krazy George Henderson led a wave in October 15, 1981 at a Major League Baseball game in Oakland, California. This wave was broadcast on TV, and George has used a videotape of the event to bolster his claim as the inventor of the wave. On October 31, 1981, a wave was created at a UW football game in Seattle, and the cheer continued to appear during the rest of that year's football season. Although the people who created the first wave in Seattle have acknowledged Krazy George's wave at a baseball stadium, they claimed to have popularized the phenomenon, since Krazy George's wave was a one-time event.

Audience (Cold War Kids song)

"Audience" (often titled as "Audience of One") is a song by American indie rock band Cold War Kids. It was the sole single off their seventh EP Behave Yourself (2010). The song was made available as a free download by the band on November 2009 before being officially released on December 1, 2009.

The song had a great response from critics who saw it as a return to form for the band. The song peaked at number 39 on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart, their third top 40 hit on that chart. A music video was made for the single and premiered on January 2010.

Critical reception

The song was given a great reception from critics. Heather Phares of AllMusic praised the song, saying that it brought the band's sound and Willett's voice "closer to the Jeff Buckley-tinged side of their music than their feisty rock". Dave Park of Prefix also praised the song, saying that he found "a latently bittersweet quality to it that adds an extra layer of humanity and relativity to the affair".

Wave

In physics, a wave is an oscillation accompanied by a transfer of energy that travels through space or mass. Frequency refers to the addition of time. Wave motion transfers energy from one point to another, which displace particles of the transmission medium—that is, with little or no associated mass transport. Waves consist, instead, of oscillations or vibrations (of a physical quantity), around almost fixed locations.

There are two main types of waves. Mechanical waves propagate through a medium, and the substance of this medium is deformed. The deformation reverses itself owing to restoring forces resulting from its deformation. For example, sound waves propagate via air molecules colliding with their neighbors. When air molecules collide, they also bounce away from each other (a restoring force). This keeps the molecules from continuing to travel in the direction of the wave.

The second main type of wave, electromagnetic waves, do not require a medium. Instead, they consist of periodic oscillations of electrical and magnetic fields originally generated by charged particles, and can therefore travel through a vacuum. These types of waves vary in wavelength, and include radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays.

Park West, Dublin

Park West (Irish: Páirc an Iarthair) is a large business campus within greater Ballyfermot, notably Cherry Orchard, Dublin, Ireland, with some residential development.

There are over 300 companies with 10,000 employees.

Location and content

Located just inside the M50 orbital motorway in west Dublin, the development comprises several million square metres of office and retail space, along with an Aspect hotel, a private hospital, and three apartment complexes.

Park West is in the administration of Dublin City Council, and Dublin postal districts Dublin 10 and Dublin 12, chiefly the latter.

Art

Park West is home to Europe's tallest wind and water mobile sculpture, Wave by Angela Conner. It is a 39.3 metre (129 feet) tall sculpture made of polystyrene covered with layers of carbon resin. It is fixed into a 7.6 metre (25 foot) pit filed with 9.5 tonnes of lead.

Transport

The campus is accessible by road (primarily the (New) Nangor Road, as well as Killeen Road and Cloverhill), bus (routes 79A and 151) and rail at the Park West and Cherry Orchard railway station. At a moderate distance to the south is the Kylemore stop on the Luas red line.

Wave (Antonio Carlos Jobim album)

Wave is the third album by Antônio Carlos Jobim, released in 1967 on A&M Records. It is known as Jobim's most successful album to date (# 5 US JAZZ ALBUMS 1967,# 114 US ALBUMS 1968), and it was listed by Rolling Stone Brazil as one of the 100 best Brazilian albums in history.

Track listing

Personnel

Strings