Vanish (brand)

Vanish is a brand of toilet bowl cleaner produced by S. C. Johnson in North America. They obtained the brand through the purchase of The Drackett Company in 1992.

The Vanish name has since accompanied S. C. Johnson's Scrubbing Bubbles brand as a sub-brand.

History

Drackett purchased the product from inventor Judson Dunaway of Dover, New Hampshire, who introduced Vanish in 1937 as a competitor to Sani-Flush, a toilet bowl cleaner made since 1911. The products were substantially the same. The active ingredient in crystal bowl cleaners is sodium bisulfate (also known as sodium hydrogen sulfate). Surfactants are added. This forms sulphuric acid when mixed with water. The last Sani-Flush patent had expired in 1932.

Most other household cleaners are basic (alkaline) in nature.

In 1947, Hygienic Products sued Judson Dunaway on grounds of trademark infringement and unfair competition. Sani-Flush used a yellow 22-ounce can showing a woman pouring bowl cleaner into a toilet. Initially, Vanish sold their product in a white 22-ounce showing the bowl cleaner coming from the bottom of the "I". After WWII, Vanish advertising started to show a woman pouring the product into a toilet bowl, and then a hand, obviously female, pouring powder into a toilet bowl. Dunaway won on appeal.

Zero of a function

A graph of the function cos(x) on the domain , with x-intercepts indicated in red. The function has zeroes where x is , , and .

In mathematics, a zero, also sometimes called a root, of a real-, complex- or generally vector-valued function f is a member x of the domain of f such that f(x) vanishes at x; that is, x is a solution of the equation

In other words, a "zero" of a function is an input value that produces an output of zero (0).

A root of a polynomial is a zero of the associated polynomial function. The fundamental theorem of algebra shows that any non-zero polynomial has a number of roots at most equal to its degree and that the number of roots and the degree are equal when one considers the complex roots (or more generally the roots in an algebraically closed extension) counted with their multiplicities. For example, the polynomial f of degree two, defined by

has the two roots 2 and 3, since

If the function maps real numbers to real numbers, its zeroes are the x-coordinates of the points where its graph meets the x-axis. An alternative name for such a point (x,0) in this context is an x-intercept.

Bios

Bios or BIOS may refer to:

Computing

Organisations

Media and entertainment

Bios (album)

BIOS is the third album of the Costa Rican music group Gandhi.

Track listing

I: STUDIO

O: LIVE

El otro gol

"El otro gol" (English: The other goal or The another goal), known in some compilation albums as "Y otro gol" (English: And another goal), was a song made by Gandhi in honor to the Costa Rica national football team that classified to the 2002 Fifa World Cup. It was first released as "Y otro gol" in the album ¡Si se pudo! then as "El otro gol" in Bios. The song features a prominent fusion between reggae, pop and rock.

BIOS-3

BIOS-3 is a closed ecosystem at the Institute of Biophysics in Krasnoyarsk, Russia.

Its construction began in 1965, and was completed in 1972. BIOS-3 consists of a 315 m³ habitat suitable for up to three persons, and was initially used for developing closed ecosystems capable of supporting humans. It was divided into 4 compartments — one of which is a crew area. Initially one other compartment was an algal cultivator, and the other two 'phytrons' for growing wheat or vegetables. Later the algal cultivator was converted into a third phytron. A level of light comparable to sunlight was supplied in each of the 4 compartments by 20 kW xenon lamps, cooled by water jackets. The facility used 400 kW of electricity, supplied by a nearby hydroelectric power station.

Chlorella algae were used to recycle air breathed by humans, absorbing carbon dioxide and replenishing it with oxygen through photosynthesis. The algae were cultivated in stacked tanks under artificial light. To achieve a balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide, one human needed 8 m² of exposed Chlorella. Air was purified of more complex organic compounds by heating to 600 °C in the presence of a catalyst. Water and nutrients were stored in advance and were also recycled. By 1968, system efficiency had reached 85% by recycling water. Dried meat was imported into the facility, and urine and feces were generally dried and stored, rather than being recycled.