Ultra vires

Ultra vires is a Latin phrase meaning "beyond the powers". If an act requires legal authority and it is done with such authority, it is characterised in law as intra vires ("within the powers"). If it is done without such authority, it is ultra vires. Acts that are intra vires may equivalently be termed "valid" and those that are ultra vires "invalid".

Corporate law

In corporate law, ultra vires describes acts attempted by a corporation that are beyond the scope of powers granted by the corporation's objects clause, articles of incorporation or in a clause in its Bylaws, in the laws authorizing a corporation's formation, or similar founding documents. Acts attempted by a corporation that are beyond the scope of its charter are void or voidable.

  • An ultra vires transaction cannot be ratified by shareholders, even if they wish it to be ratified.
  • The doctrine of estoppel usually precluded reliance on the defense of ultra vires where the transaction was fully performed by one party.
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    Ensure no property registration sans NoC, high court tells Punjab

    Hindustan Times 21 Mar 2025
    Section 20 bars the authority from registering the sale deed of any plot situated in an unauthorised colony. (Getty Images/iStockphoto) ... The petition says that 2024 amendment is ultra vire and hence be quashed ... ....
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    Rivers: As National Assembly Ratifies Emergency Declaration, Tinubu Hails

    This Day 21 Mar 2025
    Breaking . 45 minutes ago ... •PANDEF. Tinubu stabbed us in the back  ...   ... Obi ... “This is clearly an ultra vires action capable of fostering a culture of impunity, which your arm of government, the legislature, is established to forestall ... .
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    Walk for justice: Police had acted ultra vires, court rules

    The Star 20 Mar 2025
    The High Court here ruled that the police had acted ...
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    Centre's Sahyog portal 'nothing but a censorship tool', X tells Karnataka high court

    The Times of India 20 Mar 2025
    The issuance of information blocking orders without following due process of law, and in violation of the IT Act and the Constitution, aggrieves X, violates X's Article 14 rights, and detrimentally ...
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    Federal judge pauses Johnston's bid to seize land slated for affordable housing. What to know

    The Providence Journal 20 Mar 2025
    ... scheme the Santoro Family was already challenging as unconstitutional and ultra vires, seeking to so harden the cement that this Court is rendered powerless to do anything about it," they wrote.
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    Despite Outrage, FG Says Fubara Saved from Impeachment, Ibas Sworn In

    This Day 20 Mar 2025
    ... he was properly guided to understand that such action is ultra vires his powers and if taken would undermine the basic principles of democracy, escalate the crisis and occasion political unrest.
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    K’taka rejects Centre’s Waqf Bill, seeks SC/ST budget

    The Times of India 19 Mar 2025
    ... the resolution labelled it 'against the principles of equity, equality, and parity' and declared it 'ultra vires'.BJP argued that Waqf properties were encroaching upon farmers' and temple lands.
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    Court Declares AGF Lacks Powers to Prosecute Electoral Offences 

    This Day 17 Mar 2025
    Nigeria . 39 minutes ago. Alex Enumah in Abuja ... He in addition held that the defendant by exercising the power to prosecute the plaintiffs in a manner not in accordance with the law is ultra vires, adding that ... .
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    Perhaps justice bends to the situation, says spl prosecutor removed from Payal Tadvi case

    Hindustan Times 16 Mar 2025
    MUMBAI. “Perhaps justice bends to the situation,” says advocate Pradip Gharat ... (HT Photo) ... However, proposed accused had failed to take cognisance of illegal ultra-vires unjustifiable, unconsiderable behave conduct of trio accused” ... ....
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    Land Tussle: Lawyer Sues EFCC Chairman, IG, AGF, Others for N500m

    This Day 15 Mar 2025
    The suit is also seeking an order to declare the invasion and threats to arrest and detain the owners of the land by the EFCC, as “ultra vires; arbitrary; prejudicial; without precedent; ...
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    House Approves Tax Reform Bills After Extensive Consultations

    This Day 14 Mar 2025
    It was also recommended that regulations relating to the State Revenue Service and Local Government Tax Boards be removed, as the inclusion is ultra vires of the powers of the National Assembly.
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    House Approves Tinubu’s Tax Reform Bill

    This Day 13 Mar 2025
    It was also recommended that regulations relating to the states’ Revenue Service and Local Government Tax Boards be removed, as the inclusion is ultra vires of the powers of the National Assembly.
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    Challenge to UAPA rigours: Delhi HC asks Centre to respond

    Hindustan Times 10 Mar 2025
    New Delhi, The Delhi High Court on Monday directed the Centre to respond to pleas challenging certain provisions of the Unlawful Activities Act, 1967 ... "Cloak of ultra vires to challenge a 1967 Act can't be used as a free pass for notice," he said ... ....
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    Sir Keir Starmer’s Chagos deal facing High Court challenge to block ‘unlawful’ handover

    The Daily Telegraph 10 Mar 2025
    Lord Kempsell said ... It also said there was no statutory authority allowing David Lammy, the Foreign Secretary, to authorise any payments to the Mauritian government, which meant that to do so was “ultra vires and unlawful” ... Join the conversation ... email.
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    The Courts and Local Government Administration

    This Day 10 Mar 2025
    The Court held that the Constitution only recognises elected members of the Local Government Council, and it is ultra vires the Constitution for any State Legislature to make a law which has the ...

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