Ulrich

Ulrich (German pronunciation: [uːlʁiːç]), formerly Huldrich or Huldrych, is a Germanic name, derived from Old High German Uodalrich (uodal- meaning "heritage" and -rich meaning "powerful"). It is also common as a surname, which includes the following Germanic variants: Ullrich, Urich, Ulich, Ulerich/Ullerich, Ulricher/Ullricher, Ulrisch/Ullrisch, Ulrych/Ullrych, Ulman/Ullman, Ulmann/Ullmann, Uler/Uller, Uli, Ülke, Ützle, Utz, Utzmann, Olrich/Ollrich, Oelrich and Ahlrich.

The surname "Ulrich", and its variants, spread across Europe during the middle ages. This was largely in devotion to Saint Ulrich, Bishop of Augsburg (c. 890 - 4 July 973) who twice defended Augsburg from hostile attacks by pagan Magyars. Saint Ulrich was known for his courage, high moral standard, and loyalty to Emperor Otto I ("Otto the Great"). As a result, it is not uncommon to find variants of the surname "Ulrich" (as identified below) in non-German speaking lands, including England, Italy, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, and the Scandinavian countries.

Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg

Duke Ulrich of Württemberg (8 February 1487 – 6 November 1550) succeeded his kinsman Eberhard II as Duke of Württemberg in 1498. He was declared of age in 1503.

Early life

He served the German king, Maximilian I, in the war over the succession to the duchy of Bavaria-Landshut in 1504, receiving some additions to Württemberg as a reward; he accompanied Maximilian on his unfinished journey to Rome in 1508; and he marched with the imperial army into France in 1513. Meanwhile, in Württemberg Ulrich had become very unpopular. His extravagance had led to a large accumulation of debt, and his subjects were irritated by his oppressive methods of raising money. In 1514 an uprising under the name of Poor Conrad broke out, and was only suppressed after Ulrich had made important concessions to the estates in return for financial aid. The duke's relations with the Swabian League, moreover, were very bad, and trouble soon came from another quarter also.

In 1511 Ulrich had married Sabina, a daughter of Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria, and niece of the emperor Maximilian. The marriage was a very unhappy one, and having formed an affection for the wife of a knight named Hans von Hutten, a kinsman of Ulrich von Hutten, the duke killed Hans in 1515 during an altercation. Hutten's friends now joined the other elements of discontent. Fleeing from her husband, Sabina won the support of the emperor and of her brother William IV, Duke of Bavaria, and Ulrich was twice placed under the imperial ban. After the death of Maximilian in January 1519 the Swabian League interfered in the struggle, and Ulrich was driven from Württemberg, which was afterwards sold by the league to the emperor Charles V.