Tzere

Tzere (also spelled Tsere, Tzeirei, Zere, Zeire, Ṣerî, Ṣerê etc.; Hebrew: צֵירֵי   IPA: [tseˈʁe], sometimes צירה) is a Hebrew niqqud vowel sign represented by two dots "◌ֵ" underneath a letter. In modern Hebrew, it indicates the phoneme /e/ which is the same as the "e" sound in sell and is transliterated as an "e". In modern Hebrew, tzere is pronounced the same as segol, although they were distinct in Tiberian Hebrew.

Usage

Tzere is usually written in these cases:

  • In final stressed closed syllables: מַחְשֵׁב ([maħˈʃev], computer), סִפֵּר ([sipˈpeʁ], he told; without niqqud סיפר). Also in final syllables closed by guttural letters with an added furtive patach: מַטְבֵּעַ ([matˈbeaʕ], coin), שוֹכֵחַ ([ʃoˈχeaħ], forgetting). Notable exceptions to this rule are:
    • The personal suffixes ־תֶם ([tem], 2 pl. m.), ־תֶן ([ten], 2 pl. f.), ־כֶם ([χem], 2 pl. m.), ־כֶן ([χen], 2 pl. f.), ־הֶם ([hem], 3 pl. m.), ־הֶן ([hen], 3 pl. f.) are written with segol. (But the words הֵם ([hem], they m.), הֵן ([hen], they f.) are written with Tzere.)
    • The words אֱמֶת ([eˈmet], truth), בַּרְזֶל ([baʁˈzel], iron), גַּרְזֶן ([ɡaʁˈzen], axe), כַּרְמֶל ([kaʁˈmel], Carmel, gardenland), עֲרָפֶל ([ʕaʁaˈfel], fog) are written with segol.
    • The word בֵּן ([ben], son, boy) is written with tzere in the absolute state, but with segol in the construct state: בֶּן־. In the Bible this rule also applies to other words which end in tzere, when they are written with maqaf.
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