Tumen

Tumen may refer to one of the following.

See also

Tuman (Soviet patrol boat)

The Tuman (Russian: Туман, meaning Mist) was a Soviet patrol boat that achieved lasting fame in a battle fought in Arctic waters of the Barents Sea in 1941.

Ship history

The Tuman was built in 1931 in the Free City of Danzig (now Gdańsk) as a seagoing fishing trawler, with a displacement of 1,218 tons, a length of 55 metres (180 ft) and width of 9 metres (30 ft), a speed of 9 knots, and a range of 4,500 miles (7,200 km).

On October 19, 1939, just before the commencement of the Soviet-Finnish War, the trawler was called into the navy as DC-10 (Patrol Ship Number 10). In a list dated March 4, 1940, it is listed in the category of escort ships. It was provided with an armament of two dual purpose 45 mm guns, two light 7.62 mm caliber machine guns, and depth charges.

Sinking

On August 10, 1941, the ship was on patrol under the command of Lieutenant L. Shestakov on the line Tsyp-Navolok—Kildin Island when it encountered three German destroyers (Z4 Richard Beitzen, Z10 Hans Lody, and Z16 Friedrich Eckoldt). The ship reported this sighting to Northern Fleet Command, which fulfilled its mission instructions.

Tumen (unit)

Tumen or Tümen ("unit of ten thousand";Mongolian: Түмэн, Tümen;Turkish: Tümen) was a part of the decimal system used by the Mongol peoples and Turkic peoples to organize their armies. Tumen is an army unit of 10,000 soldiers. Tum means ten thousand in Mongolian language. It is also used in the Mongolian language as another word for "very many". This decimal system later used by the Turkic peoples.

Genghis Khan's organization

In Genghis Khan's military system, a Tumen was recursively built from units of 10 (Aravt), 100 (Zuut), and 1,000 (Mingghan), each with a leader reporting to the next higher level. Tumens were considered a practical size, neither too small for an effective campaign nor too big for efficient transport and supply. The military strategy was based on the use of tumens as a useful building block causing reasonable shock and attack.

Magyar military organization of the Conquest Era

This same kind of military organization was used by the Magyars during the Conquest of Hungary. According to Ahmad ibn Rustah (c. 930), a Persian explorer and geographer, the "Magyars are a race of Turks and their king rides out with horsemen to the number of 10,000 and this king is called Kanda".