Traction (engineering)

Traction, or tractive force, is the force used to generate motion between a body and a tangential surface, through the use of dry friction, though the use of shear force of the surface is also commonly used.

Traction can also refer to the maximum tractive force between a body and a surface, as limited by available friction; when this is the case, traction is often expressed as the ratio of the maximum tractive force to the normal force and is termed the coefficient of traction (similar to coefficient of friction).

Definitions

Traction is defined as: A physical process in which a tangential force is transmitted across an interface between two bodies through dry friction or an intervening fluid film resulting in motion, stoppage or the transmission of power(Copyright: "Mechanical Wear Fundamentals and Testing" by Raymond George Bayer)

In vehicle dynamics, tractive force is closely related to the terms tractive effort and drawbar pull, though all three terms have different definitions.

Traction

Traction may refer to:

Engineering

Other uses

Traction (geology)

Traction is the geologic process whereby a current transports sand grains and larger clasts by rolling or sliding along the bottom. Thus, the grains and clasts interact with the substratum during transport. By contrast, saltation, a related sediment transport process, moves grains across the bottom by bouncing or hopping. The actual current carries the sediment load in traction and saltation flows, whereas downslope movement under the force of gravity carries the sediment in gravity flows. These processes contrast with suspension settling, in which there is no current.

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External links

List of The Batman episodes

The following is an episode list for the Kids' WB animated television series The Batman, starring the titular character. The series premiered on September 11, 2004, and ended on March 22, 2008. Although the series borrows many elements from previous Batman storylines, it does not follow the continuity set by the comic books nor that of the previous Batman: The Animated Series or its spin-offs. Also, the animation style bears a strong resemblance to that of Jackie Chan Adventures, since Jeff Matsuda was the chief character designer for both shows. The designs of many supervillains, like the characters Joker, Penguin and Riddler, are very different from those of their comic counterparts.

A total of 65 episodes were produced and aired over the series' three-and-a-half year run.

The first five seasons are available on DVD. A Direct-To-DVD movie titled The Batman vs. Dracula, based on the series, was released in on October 18, 2005 and made its television debut on Cartoon Network's Toonami block on October 22, 2005. There is also a spin-off comic book series, The Batman Strikes!, published by DC Comics which is set in the same continuity and style of The Batman.

Engineering

Engineering is the application of mathematics, empirical evidence and scientific, economic, social, and practical knowledge in order to invent, innovate, design, build, maintain, research, and improve structures, machines, tools, systems, components, materials, and processes.

The discipline of engineering is extremely broad, and encompasses a range of more specialized fields of engineering, each with a more specific emphasis on particular areas of applied science, technology and types of application.

The term Engineering is derived from the Latin ingenium, meaning "cleverness" and ingeniare, meaning "to contrive, devise".

Definition

The American Engineers' Council for Professional Development (ECPD, the predecessor of ABET) has defined "engineering" as:

History

Engineering has existed since ancient times as humans devised fundamental inventions such as the wedge, lever, wheel, and pulley. Each of these inventions is essentially consistent with the modern definition of engineering.

Audio engineer

An audio engineer works on the recording, manipulation, mixing, reproduction, and reinforcement of sound. Audio engineers work on the "...technical aspect of recording—the placing of microphones, the turning of pre-amp knobs, the setting of levels. The physical recording of any project is done by an engineer ... the nuts and bolts." Many audio engineers creatively use technologies to produce sound for film, radio, television, music, electronic products and computer games. Audio engineers also set up and operate sound reinforcement systems for concert, corporate, theatre, sporting and other events.

Alternatively, the term audio engineer can refer to a scientist or professional engineer who holds a B.Sc. or M.Sc. who designs, develops and builds new audio technologies working within the field of acoustical engineering.

Audio engineering concerns the creative and practical aspects of sounds including speech and music, as well as the development of new audio technologies and advancing scientific understanding of audible sound.

Cal Poly Pomona College of Engineering

The Cal Poly Pomona College of Engineering is the engineering college at California State Polytechnic University, Pomona (Cal Poly Pomona) located in Pomona, California, United States. With over 5,600 undergraduate students (as of fall 2015), it is the largest engineering college in Southern California, the second largest college of engineering in the California State University system, and the seventeenth largest engineering college in the United States. In 2013 U.S. News & World Report ranks Cal Poly Pomona's undergraduate program 14th in the nation (for Master's-granting universities), and mentions that Cal Poly Pomona "has one of the top ranked engineering programs, and graduates roughly 1 of every 14 engineers in the state of California."

Because of the hands-on approach to academics and undergraduate focus, the college of engineering at Cal Poly Pomona is among the most selective engineering colleges in the nation and most of its departments are currently declared impacted (hold stringent standards for admissions). For fall 2015, the college admitted 45.3 percent of its total freshmen applicants who held an average unweighted GPA of 3.72 (out of 4.00) and SATs of 1178 (out of 1600), making the college admissions process statistically comparable to the University of California campuses at Davis, Irvine, and Santa Barbara.