Fals

The fals (plural fulus) was a copper coin produced by the Umayyad caliphate (661-750) and the Abbasid caliphate (750-1258) beginning in the late 7th century. The name is a corruption of follis, a Roman and later Byzantine copper coin. The fals usually featured ornate Arabic script on both sides. Various copper fals were produced until the 19th century.

The word fulus is still used in modern spoken Arabic for money.

See also

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a specific disorder that involves the death of neurons. In a number of countries the term motor neurone disease (MND) is commonly used, while others use that term for a group of five conditions of which ALS is the most common. ALS is characterized by stiff muscles, muscle twitching, and gradually worsening weakness due to muscles decreasing in size. This results in difficulty speaking, swallowing, and eventually breathing.

The cause is not known in 90% to 95% of cases. About 5–10% of cases are inherited from a person's parents. About half of these genetic cases are due to one of two specific genes. It results in the death of the neurons that control voluntary muscles. The diagnosis is based on a person's signs and symptoms with testing done to rule out other potential causes.

There is no known cure for ALS. A medication called riluzole may extend life expectancy by about two to three months.Non-invasive ventilation may result in both improved quality and length of life. The disease usually starts around the age of 60 and in inherited cases around the age of 50. The average survival from onset to death is three to four years. About 10% survive longer than 10 years. Most die from respiratory failure. In much of the world, rates of ALS are unknown. In Europe and the United States, the disease affects about 2 people per 100,000 per year.

Trooper

Trooper may refer to:

Military or police forces

Entertainment

Cricket

Other uses

Trooper (police rank)

Trooper is a rank used by several civilian police forces in the United States. In its plural form, troopers, it generally refers to members of a state police, state highway patrol, or state department of public safety, even though those officers may not necessarily be of the rank of trooper.

For example, in the Louisiana State Police, Trooper is a rank below Trooper First Class, and above Cadet. The insignia for this rank consists of a gold colored 'TPR' collar pin worn on the wearer's right lapel. Cadets who complete the state police academy are automatically promoted to Trooper. The title of address is "Trooper".

Early Australian police forces had officers termed troopers, typically mounted police. For example, the classic Australian folk song Waltzing Matilda contains the line "Down came the troopers, one, two, three," referring to three mounted police who had come to arrest the swagman. The term is no longer in common usage in Australia.

Usage in other agencies or countries may vary.

Trooper (album)

Trooper is the self-titled debut album by Canadian rock band Trooper, released in 1975. The album was produced by Randy Bachman of Bachman–Turner Overdrive and The Guess Who fame. The album would produce two Canadian hits "Baby Woncha Please Come Home" and "General Hand Grenade".

Track listing

(McGuire/Smith)

Band Members

Singles

References