Tor (anonymity network)

Tor is free software for enabling anonymous communication. The name is an acronym derived from the original software project name The Onion Router, however the correct spelling is "Tor", capitalizing only the first letter. Tor directs Internet traffic through a free, worldwide, volunteer network consisting of more than seven thousand relays to conceal a user's location and usage from anyone conducting network surveillance or traffic analysis. Using Tor makes it more difficult for Internet activity to be traced back to the user: this includes "visits to Web sites, online posts, instant messages, and other communication forms". Tor's use is intended to protect the personal privacy of users, as well as their freedom and ability to conduct confidential communication by keeping their Internet activities from being monitored.

Onion routing is implemented by encryption in the application layer of a communication protocol stack, nested like the layers of an onion. Tor encrypts the data, including the destination IP address, multiple times and sends it through a virtual circuit comprising successive, randomly selected Tor relays. Each relay decrypts a layer of encryption to reveal only the next relay in the circuit in order to pass the remaining encrypted data on to it. The final relay decrypts the innermost layer of encryption and sends the original data to its destination without revealing, or even knowing, the source IP address. Because the routing of the communication is partly concealed at every hop in the Tor circuit, this method eliminates any single point at which the communicating peers can be determined through network surveillance that relies upon knowing its source and destination.

.tor

.tor is a pseudo-top-level domain host suffix implemented by the OnioNS project, which aims to add DNS infrastructure to the Tor network enabling the selection of meaningful and globally-unique domain name for hidden services, which users can then reference from the Tor Browser.

The project aims to address the major usability issue that has been with Tor hidden services since their introduction in 2002.

Beta release of the server, client and domain name reservation tool (so called hidden service) software parts and their supporting common library were announced in the Tor developers mailing list in August 2015.

According to the description on the projects gitsite "OnioNS is a distributed, privacy-enhanced, metadata-free, and highly usable DNS for Tor hidden services"

The system is powered by the Tor network, relies on a distributed database, and provides anonymity to both operators and users.

See also

References

Tor

Tor, TOR or ToR may refer to:

Science and technology

People

Literature

Geography

Toró

Rafael Ferreira Francisco usually known by the nickname Toró (born April 13, 1986 in Rio de Janeiro), is a Brazilian defensive midfielder, currently playing for Anápolis.

Career

Fluminense

Revealed by Fluminense youth team, Toró was expected to be next idol of the team. His nickname "Toró" (Storm, in Portuguese) was created during his indor soccer times when he used to "storm the goalkeepers with goals after goals."

However, when he made his debut in the pro team, in 2004, he did not repeat the same performances from his youth years.

Flamengo

In 2006 the Flamengo decided to bet on the player's potential and was hired by Toró Dearest Brazil and future status of ace. Still, the youngster showed his no good football and was barred, only gaining a new opportunity in the role of playing second wheel in the final of the Copa do Brasil that year, and the opportunity was seized as well as Toró helped Flamengo win the title and climbed into the concept of the fans and the coach Ney Franco.

With Ney's departure and arrival of Joel Santana, Toró finally live its peak in Topsail. Dubbed by "Torózinho" coach, the player finally found himself as the wheel and started to gain more credibility, so that by year's end, the player was first summoned to the Brazil squad and played a match against Championship Selection Brasileiro 2007 in Engenhão: Brazil 0 x 3.

Hidden

Hidden or The Hidden may refer to:

Caché (film)

Caché [ka.ʃe], titled Hidden in the UK and Ireland, is a 2005 French psychological thriller written and directed by Michael Haneke. Starring Daniel Auteuil as Georges and Juliette Binoche as his wife Anne, the film follows an upper-class French couple who are terrorized by anonymous tapes that appear on their front porch and hint at childhood memories of the husband.

Caché opened to acclaim from film critics, who lauded Binoche's acting and Haneke's direction. The ambiguities of its plot continue to attract considerable discussion among scholars; many have commented on the film's themes of "bourgeois guilt" and collective memory, often drawing parallels between its narrative and the French government's decades-long denial of the 1961 Seine River massacre. Caché is today regarded as one of the greatest films of the 2000s.

Plot

The quiet life of a Paris family is disturbed when they receive a series of surveillance tapes of the exterior of their residence from an anonymous source. Georges Laurent is the successful host of a French literary television program, living with his wife Anne, a book publisher, and their 12-year-old son Pierrot. Unmarked videocassettes arrive on their doorstep, tapes that show extended observation of their home's exterior from a static street camera that is never noticed. At first passive and harmless, but later accompanied by crude, disturbing crayon drawings, the tapes lead to questions about Georges' early life that disrupt both his work and marriage. But because the tapes do not contain an open threat, the police refuse to help the family.

Service

Service may refer to:

Acts of service

Religion