Alpha-3 beta-4 nicotinic receptor

The alpha-3 beta-4 nicotinic receptor, also known as the α₃β₄ receptor, is a type of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, consisting of α₃ and β₄ subunits. It is located in the autonomic ganglia and adrenal medulla, where activation yields post- and/or presynaptic excitation.

As with other nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, the α₃β₄ receptor is pentameric [(α₃)_m(β₄)_n where m + n = 5]. The exact subunit stoichiometry is not known and it is possible that more than one functional α₃β₄ receptor assembles in vivo with varying subunit stoichiometries.

Ligands

Agonists

Acetylcholine (endogenous neuromodulator that binds non-selectively to nAChRs and mAChRs.)

Antagonists

Competitive

DHβE

compound 5, highly selective over α₄β₂ and α₇

Noncompetitive

Imipramine, K(d) = 0.41 μM

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Reshma

Reshma (c.1947 – 3 November 2013),Sitara-e-Imtiaz (Star of Excellence) award, was a renowned folk singer of Pakistan, who was also very popular in India. She died on 3 November 2013 in Lahore, Pakistan, after suffering from throat cancer for several years.

Early life

Reshma was born in the village of Loha, Tehsil Ratangarh district Churu near Bikaner, Rajasthan to a Banjara (Gypsy) family around 1947. Her father, Haji Muhammad Mushtaq, was a camel and horse trader from Malashi. She belonged to a tribe which had converted to Islam. Her tribe migrated to Karachi shortly after the Partition of India, when she was just one month old.

She did not receive any formal education and spent much of her childhood singing at the 'mazars' (shrines) of the mystic saints of Sindh, Pakistan. She was a vegetarian by choice and her favorite foods were 'saag' (cooked mustard greens), 'makai roti' (corn bread), and 'missi roti'- the foods of the Rajasthani, Punjabi and Sindhi people.

Rise to fame

When she was twelve years old, she was spotted singing at Shahbaaz Qalandar's shrine by a Pakistani television and radio producer, Saleem Gilani, who arranged for her to make a recording of "Laal Meri Pat Rakhio" on Radio Pakistan in 1968. She became an instant hit and since that day, Reshma has been one of the most popular folk singers of Pakistan, appearing on television since 1968, recording songs for both the Pakistani and Indian film industry, and performing in live concerts at home and abroad.

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Reshma (actress)

Not to be confused with the actress of the same name, who has appeared in softcore films

Reshma is an Indian film actress who has appeared in the Tamil film industry.

Career

Reshma made her debut with Kizhakku Mugam (1996) alongside Karthik. The success of the film meant she was signed on to appear in Kalanjiyam's Poomani (1996), and also briefly shot for Nandha featuring Ramki, which did not get completed. Another film titled Aththai Ponnu alongside Vignesh was also shelved during shoot in 1997. Reshma also signed on to play the title role in Vennila to appear alongside Ajith Kumar, Vignesh and Amar Siddique. Though the film began production works in 1996, it was duly delayed due to financial problems with the film finally releasing with the title Ennai Thalatta Varuvala in March 2003.