Fruit is a chess engine developed by Fabien Letouzey. In the SSDF rating list released on November 24, 2006, Fruit version 2.2.1 had a rating of 2842. In the CEGT rating list released on January 24, 2007, Fruit version 2.2.1 had a rating of 2776.
At the World Computer Chess Championship in Reykjavík in 2005, Fruit 2.2 scored 8.5 out of 11, finishing in second place behind Zappa.
Until Version 2.1 (Peach), Fruit was an open source engine. The source of the version 2.1 is still open (under GNU GPL) and contributed much to the development in computer chess in recent years. Some people still work on the old source code and have created variations from the original Fruit.
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Technical details of Fruit 2.1 [link]
Fruit uses the classical Negascout (principal variation search) algorithm with iterative deepening to traverse the game tree. It also uses the null-move heuristic. The original version used a simplistic evaluation function with a robust search. Later versions have improved evaluation functions. The board representation is distinct — Fruit uses a 16x16 board.
As of July 23, 2007, Fruit became freeware. The latest version Fruit 2.3 and Fruit 2.3.1 are free to download on superchessengine.com. Fruit 2.3.1 was one of the top 3 free UCI chess engines.
Derivatives [link]
Although Fabien Letouzey's development of Fruit stopped in 2007 with version 2.3.1, the earlier open source 2.1 version provided the basis for many other programs.
Toga II is a derivative created by Thomas Gaksch. It has more chess knowledge, multi-processor support, and perhaps a better search algorithm.[1] It is based on Fruit 2.1 and is free. The strongest versions are 1.4 beta5c and 1.4.1SE. Experimental versions of Toga II running on computer clusters have competed in the World Computer Chess Championship (WCCC).
In 2008, forks of Toga II started to appear, like Grapefruit and Cyclone.
GambitFruit is another free derivative of Fruit 2.1, created by Ryan Benitez. It plays a more aggressive style and has more chess knowledge.[1] GambitFruit also incorporates improvements from Toga II.[1] Development of GambitFruit stopped in 2005.
In June 2011, the strong chess engine Rybka was disqualified from the WCCC, after a lengthy investigation found evidence of plagiarism of Fruit and Crafty.[2] The author of Rybka has since declined to comment.
An up-to-date ranking of Toga II and Fruit derivatives is found at the CCRL.
References [link]
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This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (April 2009) |
- ^ a b c Fruit Chess Engine by Fabien Letouzey
- ^ Doggers, Peter. "Rybka disqualified and banned from World Computer Chess Championships". Chess Vibes. https://www.chessvibes.com/reports/rybka-disqualified-and-banned-from-world-computer-chess-championships/. Retrieved 29 June 2011.
External links [link]
https://wn.com/Fruit_(software)
Toga
The toga, a distinctive garment of Ancient Rome, was a cloth of perhaps 6 metres (20 feet) in length which was wrapped around the body and was generally worn over a tunic. The toga was made of wool, and the tunic under it often was made of linen. After the 2nd century BCE, the toga was worn almost exclusively by Roman men. Women were expected to wear the stola, except for women engaged in prostitution, who were required to wear the toga.
History
The toga was based on a dress robe used by Rome's northern neighbours, the Etruscans. The toga was the dress clothing of the Romans, a thick woolen cloak worn over a loincloth or apron. It is believed to have been established around the time of Numa Pompilius, the second King of Rome. It was taken off indoors, or when hard at work in the fields, but it was considered the only decent attire out of doors. This is evident from the story of Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus: he was ploughing in his field when the messengers of the Senate came to tell him that he had been made dictator; upon seeing them, he sent his wife to fetch his toga from the house so that they could be received appropriately. While the truth of the story may be doubtful, it nevertheless expresses the Roman sentiment on the subject.
Toga (disambiguation)
Toga can refer to:
As an item
As a place
As an acronym
Amazon World Zoo Park
The Amazon World Zoo is located between Newport and Sandown on the Isle of Wight, England.
The zoo mostly features exotic animals from South America, including giant anteaters, tamarins and marmosets, ocelots and parrots. It also is home to the biggest collection of toucans in the United Kingdom. Despite holding nine species, including the rare plate-billed mountain-toucan, no serious attempts are made to breed their toucans, and none have access to outdoor aviaries. The zoo holds the only Brazilian porcupine and paca on public display in the UK, similarly these are kept in simplistic concrete enclosures designed to resemble the interior of a Mayan temple rather than a rainforest environment. However, Amazon World has had considerable success in breeding the tamandua and two-toed sloth, both species that do not breed readily in other collections.
In 2005 the zoo was the subject of nationwide media coverage after a baby penguin was stolen from the zoo.
Penguin theft
Toga was an African penguin who was stolen from the zoo. Toga was the first South African jackass penguin bred at the zoo.
