MDC

MDC may refer to:

Manuel de Codage

The Manuel de Codage (abbr. MdC) is a standard system for the computer-encoding of transliterations of Egyptian hieroglyphic texts.

History

In 1984 a committee was charged with the task to develop a uniform system for the encoding of hieroglyphic texts on the computer. The resulting Manual for the Encoding of Hieroglyphic Texts for Computer-input (Jan Buurman, Nicolas Grimal, Jochen Hallof, Michael Hainsworth and Dirk van der Plas, Informatique et Egyptologie 2, Paris 1988) is generally shortened to Manuel de Codage. It presents an easy to use way of encoding hieroglyphic writing as well as the abbreviated hieroglyphic transliteration. The encoding system of the Manuel de Codage has since been adopted by international Egyptology as the official common standard for registering hieroglyphic texts on the computer.

Egyptologists have scheduled a revision for 2007 of the Manuel de Codage, in order to ensure broader implementation in current and future software.

List of Gardiner's fundamental uniliteral hieroglyphs and their transliteration

MDC-2

In cryptography, MDC-2 (Modification Detection Code 2, sometimes called Meyer-Schilling) is a cryptographic hash function. MDC-2 is a hash function based on a block cipher with a proof of security in the ideal-cipher model. The length of the output hash depends on the underlying block cipher used.

Algorithm

For a given message to hash and a given block cipher encryption function , the MDC-2 algorithm proceeds as follows. Let be the block length, two different constants of size . If where each has size , then the hash of the message is given by:

for to :

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

return

MDC-2DES hashes

When MDC-2 uses the DES block cipher, the 128-bit (16-byte) MDC-2 hashes are typically represented as 32-digit hexadecimal numbers. The following demonstrates a 43-byte ASCII input and the corresponding MDC-2 hash:

Even a small change in the message will (with probability) result in a completely different hash, e.g. changing d to c:

The hash of the zero-length string is:

Patent issues

MDC-2 was covered by U.S. Patent 4,908,861, issued on March 13, 1990 but filed by IBM on August 28, 1987.
For this reason, support for MDC-2 has been disabled in OpenSSL on most Linux distributions and is not implemented by many other cryptographic libraries.

Think!

Think! may refer to:

See also

Think (About It)

"Think (About It)" is a funk song recorded by Lyn Collins and released as a single on James Brown's People Records in 1972. The recording was produced by Brown (who also wrote the song) and features instrumental backing from his band The J.B.'s. It was the title track of Collins' 1972 debut album.

Sampling

Along with "Funky Drummer" and "Funky President," "Think (About It)" is one of the most frequently sampled James Brown productions, having been used on tracks by dozens of hip hop and dance music artists. The song appeared on the 16th volume of the Ultimate Breaks and Beats compilation series in 1986, shortly before the release of the E-mu SP-1200 sampler in 1987. This resulted in "Think" being sampled heavily in the ensuing years. Both the song's main rhythmic groove and a vocal passage known as the Yeah! Woo! break have been used as samples.

Perhaps the first song to sample "Think" was "Go On Girl" by Roxanne Shante in 1987 (produced by Marley Marl) followed by "My Groove Gets Better" from her album "Bad Sister." A few months later, the same 4-bar loop of "Yeah! Woo!" appeared as the basis for Rob Base and DJ E-Z Rock's "It Takes Two."

Think (Aretha Franklin song)

"Think" is a song performed by American singer Aretha Franklin. It was released as single in 1968, from her Aretha Now album. The song, a feminist anthem, reached No. 7 on Billboard Hot 100, becoming Franklin's seventh top 10 hit in the United States. The song also reached No. 1 on the magazine's Hot Rhythm & Blues Singles, becoming her sixth single to top the chart. The song was written by Franklin and Ted White. Franklin re-recorded the song in 1989 for the album "Through the Storm". Pitchfork Media placed it at number 15 on its list of "The 200 Greatest Songs of the 1960s".

Instrumentation

The song is performed by a lead vocalist, backing vocalists, a brass section, organ, piano, two electric guitars, bass, and percussion. The personnel on the original recording included Aretha Franklin on piano, Wayne Johnson on trumpet, Andrew Lowe and Charlie Chalmers on tenor sax, Floyd Newman or Willie Bridges on baritone sax, Spooner Oldham on organ, Jerry Jemmott on bass, Tommy Cogbill and Jimmy Johnson on guitars and Roger Hawkins on drums.