Sikhism

Sikhism (/ˈsɪkᵻzəm/; Sikkhī, Punjabi pronunciation: [ˈsɪkːʰiː]), or Sikhi (from Sikh, meaning a disciple, or a learner), one of the youngest amongst the major world religions, is a monotheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of South Asia (subcontinental India) during the 15th century. The fundamental beliefs of Sikhism, articulated in the sacred scripture Guru Granth Sahib, include faith and meditation on the name of the one creator, unity and equality of all humankind, engaging in selfless service, striving for social justice for the benefit and prosperity of all, and honest conduct and livelihood while living a householder's life. With over 25 million adherents worldwide, Sikhism is the fifth-largest religion in the world.

Sikhism originated with the birth of Guru Nanak in 1469, and the ten Sikh Gurus established and advanced the religion over the centuries. Before his death in 1708, Guru Gobind Singh, the last Guru in human form, decreed that the holy scripture, Guru Granth Sahib, would be the final and perpetual Guru of the Sikhs. In Sikh religious philosophy, the word Guru also refers to God, and God and Guru are often synonymous in Gurbani (the sacred writings of the Sikh Gurus).Guru Nanak's Guru was God, states Surjit Gandhi, and he projected himself as God's "Bard".

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Sikh gurus

The Sikh Gurus (Prophet-Masters) established Sikhism over the centuries, beginning in the year 1469.Guru Nanak was the first Guru, and subsequently, each Guru, in succession, was referred to as "Nanak", and as "Light", making their revelations, in the holy scriptures, equivalent. All the Gurus themselves also used the name "Nanak" while penning down their spiritual revelations.

There are a total of eleven Gurus: Ten human gurus and Guru Granth Sahib the Eleventh, or current and everlasting Sikh Guru, is the integrated Sikh scripture known as the Guru Granth Sahib. The Tenth Nanak, Guru Gobind Singh, had bestowed the Guruship forevermore to the Guru Granth Sahib.