É (temple)

É (Cuneiform: 𒂍) is the Sumerian word or symbol for house or temple.

The Sumerian term É.GAL ("palace", literally "big house") denoted a city's main building. É.LUGAL ("king's house") was used synonymously. In the texts of Lagash, the É.GAL is the center of the ensi's administration of the city, and the site of the city archives. Sumerian É.GAL "palace" is the probable etymology of Semitic words for "palace, temple", such as Hebrew היכל heikhal, and Arabic هيكل haykal. It has thus been speculated that the word É originated from something akin to *hai or *ˀai, especially since the cuneiform sign È is used for /a/ in Eblaite.

The term temen appearing frequently after É in names of ziggurats is translated as "foundation pegs", apparently the first step in the construction process of a house; compare, for example, verses 551–561 of the account of the construction of E-ninnu:

Temen has been occasionally compared to Greek temenos "holy precinct", but since the latter has a well established Indo-European etymology (see temple), the comparison is either mistaken, or at best describes a case of popular etymology or convergence.

Ancient Greek temple

Greek Temples (Ancient Greek: Ναός, Naós "dwelling", semantically distinct from Latin templum ("temple") were structures built to house deity statues within Greek sanctuaries in ancient Greek religion. The temple interiors did not serve as meeting places, since the sacrifices and rituals dedicated to the respective deity took place outside them. Temples were frequently used to store votive offerings. They are the most important and most widespread building type in Greek architecture. In the Hellenistic kingdoms of Southwest Asia and of North Africa, buildings erected to fulfill the functions of a temple often continued to follow the local traditions. Even where a Greek influence is visible, such structures are not normally considered as Greek temples. This applies, for example, to the Graeco-Parthian and Bactrian temples, or to the Ptolemaic examples, which follow Egyptian tradition. Most Greek temples were oriented astronomically.

Overview

Between the 9th century BC and the 6th century BC, during the Ancient Greek temples developed from the small mudbrick structures into monumental double porticos buildings, often reaching more than 20 metres in height (not including the roof). Stylistically, they were governed by the regionally specific architectural orders. Originally, the distinction being initially between the Doric and Ionic orders, with the Corinthian order provided a third alternative in the late 3rd century BC. A multitude of different ground plans were developed, each of which could be combined with the superstructure in the different orders. From the 3rd century BC onwards, the construction of large temples became less common; after a short 2nd century BC flourish, it ceased nearly entirely in the 1st century BC. Thereafter, only smaller structures were newly begun, older temples continued to be renovated or (if incomplete) completed.

Temple, Midlothian

Coordinates: 55°49′01″N 3°05′35″W / 55.817°N 3.093°W / 55.817; -3.093

Temple (Scottish Gaelic: Baile nan Trodach) is a village in Midlothian, Scotland. Situated to the south of Edinburgh, the village lies on the east bank of the River South-Esk.

History

Pre-Reformation

Historically the Parish of Temple was divided into three portions, the ancient parish of Clerkington, and the Chapelries of Moorfoot and Balantrodach. Clerkington was a parsonage held by the Monks of Newbattle Abbey, Moorfoot was a chapelry founded by Monks from the same institution. Balantrodach on the other hand, was a Chapelry of the Knights Templar.

Knights Templar

In 1128, Hugues de Payens, the first Grand Master, met with David I in Scotland and was granted the lands of Balantrodach. In 1128, the Council of Troyes formally recognized the Order. Balantrodach became their principal Templar seat and preceptory in Scotland until the suppression of the order between 1307 and 1312.

As Temple, being just to the south of the Firth of Forth, was an area of the country occupied by England at this time, knights were prosecuted, but not all were found guilty. Nearby to the North, politics was even more on their side -- Robert the Bruce had been excommunicated, and so was not required to follow papal commands , and at war with England, it has been suggested he may have been welcoming to powerful and desperate allies.

Cancer (journal)

Cancer is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal which covers oncology. The journal was established in 1948. It is an official journal of the American Cancer Society and is published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the society. The first editor was Fred W. Stewart, who held that position until 1961. The editor-in-chief is Fadlo R. Khuri. Cancer Cytopathology was published as a supplement from 1997 until 2008 when it was split into a separate journal.

Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2014 impact factor of 4.889, ranking it 32nd out of 211 journals in the category "Oncology".

Cancer (disambiguation)

Cancer is a large class of malignant diseases.

Cancer may also refer to:

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Song (Korean surname)

Song is a Korean family name derived from the Chinese surname Song. Songs make up roughly 1.4% of the Korean population; the 2000 South Korean census found 622,208 in that country. The Chinese character for Song means "Song Dynasty".

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Clans

Song (宋) clans include the Yeosan, Eunjin, Jincheon, Yeonan, Yaseong, Cheongju, Sinpyeong, Gimhae, Namyang, and Bokheung.

One Song (松) clan is the Yongseong.

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Song (disambiguation)

A song is a musical composition for voice or voices.

Song or songs or The Song may also refer to:

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