Military tactics

Military tactics are the science and art of organizing a military force, and the techniques for combining and using weapons and military units to engage and defeat an enemy in battle. Changes in philosophy and technology have been reflected in changes to military tactics; in contemporary military science tactics are the lowest of three planning levels: (i) strategic, (ii) operational, and (iii) tactical. The highest level of planning is strategy, how force is translated into political objectives, by bridging the means and ends of war. The intermediate level, operational level, the conversion of strategy into tactics deals with formations of units. In the vernacular, tactical decisions are those made to achieve the greatest, immediate value, and strategic decisions are those made to achieve the greatest, overall value, irrespective of the immediate results of a tactical decision.

Concept

Military tactics answer the questions of how best to deploy and employ forces on a small scale. Some practices have not changed since the dawn of warfare: ambushes, seeking and turning flanks, maintaining reconnaissance, creating and using obstacles and defences, etc. Using ground to best advantage has not changed much either. Heights, rivers, swamps, passes, choke points, and natural cover, can all be used in multiple ways. Before the nineteenth century, many military tactics were confined to battlefield concerns: how to maneuver units during combat in open terrain. Nowadays, specialized tactics exist for many situations, for example for securing a room in a building.

Tactician (company)

Tactician Corporation is a developer and provider of GIS desktop software, SaaS web software, and business intelligence consulting services internationally. The company has its headquarters in Andover, Massachusetts.

History

1974–1988: Australia

In 1974, Australia-born Tony Buxton co-founded the Australia Planning and Systems Company (APASCO) in Sydney.

In 1979, APASCO worked with the government agency, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), to create COLOURMAP, an interactive color mapping system. A few years later, APASCO would add site location and territory assignment capabilities for their product, APASCOMAP.

In 1986, APASCO added operations in the US under the name TACTICS (an acronym for The Australian Customer Target Information Company).

1988–1989: Founding of Tactics International

On December 6, 1988, based on the foundational work with TACTICS, Buxton incorporated the US-based Tactics International Limited in Andover, Massachusetts. Tactics would develop the FASTMAP product for the VAX, one of the first GIS products for the VAX/VMS platform.