TPI

TPI may refer to:

TPI1

Triosephosphate isomerase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TPI1 gene.

This gene encodes an enzyme, consisting of two identical proteins, which catalyzes the isomerization of glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate (G3P) and dihydroxy-acetone phosphate (DHAP) in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Mutations in this gene are associated with triosephosphate isomerase deficiency. Pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 1, 4, 6 and 7. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Structure

Triose Phosphate Isomerase is a member of the alpha and beta (α/β) class of proteins; it is a homodimer, and each subunit contains 247 amino acids. Each TPI1 monomer contains the full set of catalytic residues, but the enzyme is only active in the oligomeric form. Therefore, the enzyme must be in a dimer in order to achieve full function of the enzyme, even though it is not believed that the two active sites participate in cooperativity with each other. Each subunit contains 8 exterior alpha helices surrounding 8 interior beta strands, which form a conserved structural domain called a closed alpha/beta barrel (αβ) or more specifically a TIM barrel. Characteristic of most all TIM barrel domains is the presence of the enzyme's active site in the lower loop regions created by the eight loops that connect the C-termini of the beta strands with the N-termini of the alpha helices. TIM barrel proteins also share a structurally conserved phosphate binding motif, with the phosphate group found in the substrate or cofactors.

MNCTV

Not to be confused with MNC, a television station in Mongolia.

MNCTV is an Indonesian private television station. MNCTV was established by Tutut Soeharto, the first daughter of former president Suharto. It began broadcasting on 23 January 1991, at first broadcasting only educational programs, but has since become similar to other Indonesian TV stations, showing programs such as quizzes, sinetrons (soap operas), reality TV shows, sport shows, and recently, dangdut music.

75% of MNCTV's share is currently held by Media Nusantara Citra, which also has shares on RCTI and Global TV.

History

Early days

TPI,Televisi Pendidikan Indonesia (Indonesian Educational Television) was created as an educational television station by state broadcaster TVRI on January 2, 1991. It aired a two-hour educational programming block targeted to elementary students, junior high school students, and high school students, from 08:00 to 10:00. To do so, it cooperated with the Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia.