TDG

TDG may refer to:

Tribune de Genève

The Tribune de Genève (English: Geneva Tribune), commonly nicknamed La Julie, is a Swiss French-language, regional daily newspaper, published in the Berliner format by Edipresse in Geneva.

History and operations

The Tribune de Genève was first published by James T. Bates on 1 February 1879. The paper is headquartered in Geneva.

The circulation of the Tribune de Genève was 67,151 copies in 2006. The newspaper had a circulation of 67,151 copies and a readership of 175,000 as of 2007. In 2009 the circulation of the paper was 56,333 copies.

It shares some of its content with 24 heures (English: 24 Hours), Edipresse's regional newspaper for the Canton of Vaud. The newspaper's online edition features some news in English.

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Thymine-DNA glycosylase

G/T mismatch-specific thymine DNA glycosylase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TDG gene. Several bacterial proteins have strong sequence homology with this protein.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the TDG/mug DNA glycosylase family. Thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG) removes thymine moieties from G/T mismatches by hydrolyzing the carbon-nitrogen bond between the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA and the mispaired thymine. With lower activity, this enzyme also removes thymine from C/T and T/T mispairings. TDG can also remove uracil and 5-bromouracil from mispairings with guanine. This enzyme plays a central role in cellular defense against genetic mutation caused by the spontaneous deamination of 5-methylcytosine and cytosine. This gene may have a pseudogene in the p arm of chromosome 12.

Additionally, in 2011, the human thymine DNA glycosylase (hTDG) was reported to efficiently excises 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC), the key oxidation products of 5-methylcytosine in genomic DNA. Later on, the crystal structure of the hTDG catalytic domain in complex with duplex DNA containing 5caC was published, which supports the role of TDG in mammalian 5-methylcytosine demethylation.