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| Sultan of Perak | |
|---|---|
| Monarchy | |
| Provincial | |
| Incumbent: Azlan Shah |
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| Style: | His Royal Highness |
| First monarch: | Muzaffar Shah I |
| Formation: | 1528 |
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Sultan of Perak is one of the oldest hereditary seats among the Malay states.
When the Sultanate of Malacca empire fell to Portugal in 1511, Sultan Mahmud Syah I retreated to Kampar, Sumatra and died there in 1528. He left behind two princes named Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II and Sultan Muzaffar Syah. The former later went to establish the Sultanate of Johor. Meanwhile Muzaffar Syah was invited to rule Perak and hence, he became the first sultan of Perak. The current sultan of Perak is the descendant of Siak Sultanate of Sumatra.[1]
List of Sultans of Perak [link]
Malacca Dynasty
- 1. Sultan Muzaffar Shah I Ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Shah of Melaka (1528–1549)
- 2. Sultan Mansur Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Muzaffar Shah (1549–1577)
- 3. Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Mansur Shah (1577–1584)
- 4. Sultan Tajul Ariffin Ibni Almarhum Sultan Mansur Shah (1584–1594)
- 5. Sultan Alauddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Raja Kecil Lasa Inu (1594–1603)
- 6. Sultan Mukaddam Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Shah (1609–1619)
- 7. Sultan Mansur Shah II Ibni Almarhum Raja Kecil Lasa Inu (1619–1627)
- 8. Sultan Mahmud Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Shah (1627–1630)
- 9. Sultan Sallehuddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Shah (1630–1635)- Died at Acheh
Siak Dynasty
- 10. Sultan Muzaffar Shah II Ibni Almarhum Raja Mahmud of Siak (1636–1654) son of Raja Asif [Ishak] ibni al-Marhum Sultan Khoja Ahmad [al-Marhum Kasab], of Siak, by his wife, Tun Dharmapala Johara [Tun Kechil] daughter of Tun Isap Misai bin Tun Mahmud, Bendahara Sri Raja Tua of Johor. Installed as Sultan of Perak by the Acehnese in 1636
- 11. Sultan Mahmud Iskandar Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Muzaffar Shah II (1654–1720)
- 12. Sultan Alauddin Mughayat Shah Ibni Almarhum Yang Dipertuan Muda Mansur Shah (1720–1728)
- 13. Sultan Muzaffar Shah III Ibni Almarhum Yang Dipertuan Muda Mansur Shah (1728–1752) {Ruled Upper Perak}
- 14. Sultan Muhammad Mughayat Shah Ibni Almarhum Yang Dipertuan Muda Mansur Shah (1744–1750) {Ruled Lower Perak}
- 15. Sultan Iskandar Zulkarnain Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Muhammad Shah (1752–1765)
- 16. Sultan Mahmud Shah II Ibni Almarhum Sultan Muhammad Shah (1765–1773)
- 17. Sultan Alauddin Mansur Shah Iskandar Muda Ibni Almarhum Sultan Muhammad Shah (1773–1786)
- 18. Sultan Ahmaddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Muhammad Shah (1786–1806)
- 19. Sultan Abdul Malik Mansur Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Ahmaddin Shah (1806–1825)
- 20. Sultan Abdullah Muazzam Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Malik Mansur Shah (1825–1830)
- 21. Sultan Shahabuddin Ibni Almarhum Raja Bendahara Inu (1830–1851)
- 22. Sultan Abdullah Muhammad Shah I Ibni Almarhum Raja Kecil Bongsu Abdul Rahman (1851–1857)
- 23. Sultan Jaafar Mu'azzam Shah Ibni Al Marhum Raja Kecil Tengah Raja Ahmad(1857–1865)
- 24. Sultan Ali Al-Mukammal Inayat Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Shahabuddin Shah (1865–1871)
- 25. Sultan Ismail Muabiddin Riayat Shah Ibni Almarhum Syed Sheikh Al-Khairat, Siak (1871–1874) son of Raja Nandak binti Sultan Ahmaddin Shah
- 26. Sultan Abdullah Muhammad Shah II Ibni Almarhum Sultan Jaafar Muazzam Shah (1874–1876)
- 27. Sultan Yusuf Sharifuddin Muzaffar Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdullah Muhammad Shah I (1876–1887)
- 28. Sultan Idris Murshidul Azam Shah Ibni Almarhum Raja Bendahara Alang Iskandar (1887–1916)
- 29. Sultan Abdul Jalil Nasrul Al-Mu'ataram Karamatullah Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Idris Shah II (1916–1918)
- 30. Sultan Iskandar Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Idris Shah II (1918–1938)
- 31. Sultan Abdul Aziz Al-Mutasim Billah Shah Ibni Almarhum Raja Muda Musa (1938–1948)
- 32. Sultan Yussuf II Izzuddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah (1948–1963)
- 33. Sultan Idris Al-Mutawakkil Alallahi Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar Shah (1963–1984)
- 34. Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Yusuf Izzuddin Shah (1984–present)
See also [link]
References [link]
- ^ "PERAK3". Royalark.net. https://www.royalark.net/Malaysia/perak3.htm. Retrieved 2012-01-29.
https://wn.com/Sultan_of_Perak
Perak
Perak (Malay pronunciation: [peˈraʔ]; Jawi: ڨيراق), one of the 13 states of Malaysia, is the fourth largest state in the country. It borders Kedah and the Thai Yala Province to the north; Penang to the northwest; Kelantan and Pahang to the east; Selangor to the south, and the Straits of Malacca to the west.
The state's administrative capital of Ipoh was known historically for tin-mining activities until the price of the metal dropped, severely affecting the state's economy. The royal capital, however remains at Kuala Kangsar, where the palace of the Sultan of Perak is located.
The Arabic honorific of Perak is Darul Ridzuan ("Abode of Grace").
Name
The state's official name is Perak Darul Ridzuan (Jawi: ڨيراق دار الرّضوان), or "Perak, the Abode of Grace". Perak means silver in Malay, which is probably derived from the silvery colour of tin. In the 1890s, Perak, with the richest alluvial deposits of tin in the world was one of the jewels in the crown of the British Empire. However, some say the name comes from the "glimmer of fish in the water" that sparkled like silver. Darul Ridzuan is the state's Arabic honorific, and can mean either "land" or "abode" of grace.
Perak (disambiguation)
Perak is the second-largest state in Peninsular Malaysia.
Perak may also refer to:
Perak (headdress)
A perak is a headdress typically worn by the old aristocracy in the Himalayan Ladakh region of Asia. It is composed of a strap of leather studded with semi-precious stones, such as lapis lazuli and turquoise.
Symbolism
The perak is a symbol among the Ladakh of the rank and economic status of the woman wearing it. Traditionally, the number of front-to-back rows of turquoise signified the status of the wearer: nine rows for the queen of Leh (the Ladakh capital), seven rows for the more modern aristocracy, five for the marvels, and three for the lower ranks.
The jewels themselves are representative of the Ladakh deities, protecting and guiding the wearer through the dangerous human world.
