Subway (underpass)

In England and Wales, the Republic of Ireland, Hong Kong and Commonwealth countries such as India, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand, a subway is normally an underpass for pedestrians and/or cyclists beneath a road or railway, allowing them to reach the other side in safety. Subways may also be constructed for the benefit of wildlife.

In the United States, as used by the California Department of Transportation and in parts of Pennsylvania such as Harrisburg, Duncannon and Wyoming County, it can mean a depressed road undercrossing.

Subways are less common in North American cities than in European cities of comparable size. They are constructed when it is necessary for pedestrians to cross a railway line or a dual carriageway such as an interstate highway, and they appear at the exits from underground rapid transit systems, but one would be rarely built to enable people to cross an ordinary city street. When they are built, the term pedestrian underpass is more likely to be used, because "subway" in North America refers to rapid transit systems such as the New York City Subway or the Toronto Subway.

Subway (group)

The Chicago-based group Subway, was composed of Eric McNeal, Keith Thomas, Trerail Puckett and Roy Jones. The group was signed by Michael Bivins (of New Edition and Bell Biv DeVoe) to his Motown-distributed label Biv 10. They debuted in 1995 with the hit single "This Lil' Game We Play" featuring labelmates 702 that reached #15 on the Billboard charts. The song was produced and written by Gerald Levert and Edwin Nicholas and was billed as "Subway featuring 702". The single set the group off to a good start, going gold and selling nearly a million copies.

Their debut album was titled Good Times and was released later that year. The cover art and title of the album was inspired by the same-named CBS hit sitcom of the '70s. Written and produced by Gerald Levert and Edwin Nicholas, the album packed some solid hits such as the aforementioned "This Lil' Game We Play."

In 2007, Eric McNeal released a solo EP throughout the box records.

Chart positions

Albums

Singles

External links/Sources

Subway Israel

Subway Israel (Hebrew: סאבוויי‎) was a fast food sandwich chain, an international franchise of Subway. Opening in 1992, they expanded to 23 branches around Israel before they closed in 2004.

History

In the early 1990s, Subway began expanding their international franchises at a much more rapid pace, with Israel being one of those places.

In 1992 Subway entered Israel for the first time. In 2004, when the original franchisee died, the chain closed their 23 locations.

Kashrut

Although not all restaurants in Israel were kosher, all did refrain from pig products. Due to not wanting to ostracize themselves from the Jewish residents of Israel, Subway did not offer bacon or ham.

Other kosher Subways

Outside of Israel, the only other kosher Subways are located in the United States, which opened its first location in 2006 in a suburb of Cleveland, Ohio. At the Mandel JCC of Cleveland Subway spokesman Jared Fogle attended the opening. Subway's press release on the opening stated, "With slight modifications, such as no pork-based products, and the use of soy-based cheese product, the menu is virtually identical to that of any other Subway restaurant."

Gamma (store)

Gamma is a Dutch Hardware store-chain. It started in May 11, 1978 in Breda. The headquarters of the franchise-organisation Intergamma is located in Leusden and as of 2011 it has 245 stores, of which 164 are located in the Netherlands and 81 in Belgium. Intergamma also owns the Hardware store-chain Karwei.

History

In 2008 Gamma had a revenue of 606 million euro.

Gamma commercials have been broadcast in the Netherlands on radio and television since 1994, and have made the actors John Buijsman and Martin van Waardenberg well known in the Netherlands. In Flanders Luk Wyns is the face of the company.

External links

References

Gamma (band)

Gamma was a band formed by guitarist Ronnie Montrose and singer Davey Pattison in San Francisco in 1979. They released four albums: Gamma 1 (1979), Gamma 2 (1980), Gamma 3 (1982) (all on Elektra Records) and Gamma 4 (2000). Some of their best known songs are probably "Fight to the Finish" from their first album, and "Meanstreak" and "Voyager" from the second album.

History

Original incarnation (1979-1983)

Ronnie Montrose put the band together after having released a solo album Open Fire in 1978, after having disbanded the hard rock band Montrose in 1977. Gamma were a far more AOR-oriented band than Montrose, and used a lot of the latest keyboard technology in their sound.

Their debut album Gamma 1 was released in 1979 and reached #131 on the Billboard Album charts, totalling 17 weeks on the survey. Gamma scored a hit single with "I'm Alive" which got to #60 on Billboard's Singles charts. The original lineup of Ronnie Montrose (guitars), Davey Pattison (vocals), Alan Fitzgerald (bass), Jim Alcivar (keyboards) and Skip Gillette (drums) recorded this album. Guitarist Montrose, bassist Fitzgerald and keyboardist Alcivar had all been members of the band Montrose.

Bristol Siddeley Gamma

The Armstrong Siddeley, later Bristol Siddeley Gamma was a family of rocket engines used in British rocketry, including the Black Knight and Black Arrow launch vehicles. They burned kerosene fuel and hydrogen peroxide. Their construction was based on a common combustion chamber design, used either singly or in clusters of up to eight.

They were developed by Armstrong-Siddeley in Coventry, which later became Bristol Siddeley in 1959, and finally Rolls-Royce in 1966.

Engine static testing was carried out at High Down Rocket Test Site, near The Needles on the Isle of Wight (50°39′38.90″N 1°34′38.25″W / 50.6608056°N 1.5772917°W / 50.6608056; -1.5772917). (Spadeadam in Cumbria wasn't used for testing until Blue Streak, after Gamma).

Advantages of kerosene / peroxide engines

Use of kerosene / hydrogen peroxide engines has been a particularly British trait in rocket development, there being few comparable engines (such as the LR-40) from the USA.

The combustion of kerosene with hydrogen peroxide is given by the formula