State religion

A state religion (also called an established religion, state church, established church, or official religion) is a religious body or creed officially endorsed by the state. A state with an official religion, while not secular, is not necessarily a theocracy – a country whose rulers have in their hands both secular and spiritual authority.

Official religions have been known throughout human history in almost all types of cultures. They were adopted by most ancient states, both monoethnic and polyethnic, and observing them was a requirement made to all citizens, and especially public officials.

Official religions justified and reinforced the type of government existing in a society. Sanctifying it as the most, or the only, correct (divine) one, they often put forward and/or supported ideas of its expansion to other lands, whether the latter already follow the same religion or, sometimes. not.

As the term church is typically applied to a Christian place of worship and organizations incorporating such ones, the term state church is associated with Christianity, historically the state church of the Roman Empire in the last centuries of the Empire's existence, and is sometimes used to denote a specific modern national branch of Christianity. Closely related to state churches are what sociologists call ecclesiae, though the two are slightly different.

Christian state

A Christian state is a country that recognizes a form of Christianity as its official religion and often has a state church, which is a Christian denomination that supports the government and is supported by the government. Historically, the nations of Armenia,Aksum,Georgia, as well as the Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire declared themselves as Christian states. Today, several nations officially identify themselves as Christian states and/or have state churches, including Costa Rica,Denmark,England,Greece,Iceland,Liechtenstein,Monaco,Tonga,Tuvalu,Vatican City, and Zambia. A Christian state stands in contrast to a secular state, an atheist state, or another religious state, such as an Islamic state.

History

In 380 AD, the Edict of Thessalonica (Cunctos populos) made the Roman Empire a Christian state, establishing Nicene Christianity, in the form of its State Church, as its official religion.

After its fall, under the emperor Justinian (527-565), the "Byzantine Empire became the world's predominant Christian state, based on Roman law, Greek culture, and the Greek language." In this Christian state, in which faith in Jesus was upheld by nearly all of its subjects, an "enormous amount of artistic talent was poured into the construction of churches, church ceremonies, and church decoration". John Binns describes this era, writing that: