Staling

Staling, or "going stale", is a chemical and physical process in bread and other foods that reduces their palatability. Stale bread is dry and leathery.

Mechanism and effects

Staling is not, as is commonly believed, simply a drying-out process due to evaporation. Bread will stale even in a moist environment, and stales most rapidly at temperatures just above freezing. Bread stored in the refrigerator will have increased staling rates and should therefore be kept at room temperature. However, refrigeration delays the growth of mold and extends the shelf life of bread.

One important mechanism is the migration of moisture from the starch granules into the interstitial spaces, degelatinizing the starch. The starch amylose and amylopectin molecules realign themselves causing recrystalisation. This results in stale bread's leathery, hard texture. Additionally, pleasant "fresh" flavor is lost to the air, and often unpleasant flavor is absorbed from it as well, especially in a confined space with other food such as a refrigerator.

Podcasts:

PLAYLIST TIME:

The Nightwatcher

by: Steelwing

As night awakens and the day is put to sleep
By dancing shadows on the wall
The moon is glowing and the darkness starts to creep
I must obey the masters call
Never ever may I see the light of day
Never darkness I'll betray
O hear my cry, master
Let it be known to all
I am the nightwatcher
The black is soon to
Do be my guide, master
Let it be known to all
I am the nightwatcher
The black is soon to fall fall
I am the keeper of the mysteries of night
The quiet beauty of what's thine
I am the watcher and if men could share my sights
They too would worship thee as I do
Never ever would the sun rise in the east
Never none disturb the peace
O hear my cry, master
Let it be known to all
I am the nightwatcher
The black is soon to
Do be my guide, master
Let it be known to all
I am the nightwatcher
The black is soon to fall fall
By the twelve strikes of the clock
All the wonders of night are unlocked
Never ever may I see the light of day
Never darkness I'll betray
O hear my cry, master
Let it be known to all
I am the nightwatcher
The black is soon to
Do be my guide, master
Let it be known to all
I am the nightwatcher




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Kehinde Wiley, Ferdinand-Philippe-Louis-Charles-Henri, Duc d’Orleans, 2014; oil on canvas. Photo. Robert Wedemeyer, © Kehinde Wiley. Acquisitions are an integral part of a collecting museum ... Sign Up For Our Daily Newsletter. Sign Up ... Photo ... “Vivid ... .
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