Glossary of professional wrestling terms

Professional wrestling has accrued a considerable nomenclature through its long existence. Much of it stems from the industry's origins in the days of carnivals and circuses, and the slang itself is often referred to as "carny talk." In the past, wrestlers used such terms in the presence of fans so as not to reveal the worked nature of the business. In recent years, widespread discussion on the Internet has popularized these terms. Many of the terms refer to the financial aspects of pro wrestling in addition to performance-related terms.

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Bumps race

A bumps race is a form of rowing race in which a number of boats chase each other in single file, each crew attempting to catch and "bump" the boat in front without being caught by the boat behind.

The form is mainly used intramurally at the University of Cambridge, since 1827, and at the University of Oxford since 1815. Bumps racing in fours is also the format of intramural rowing at Eton College and at Shrewsbury School. It is particularly suitable where the stretch of water available is long but narrow, precluding side-by-side racing. Bumps racing gives a sharper feel of immediate competition than a head race, where boats are simply timed over a fixed course. Few rowers worldwide use rivers as narrow as the Cam or the Isis, but bumps races are also contested elsewhere (see below).

Racing practice and procedures

Bumps races are typically raced in a series over several days. The starting order of each day's race is based on the previous day's results; the first day's starting order each year is determined by the results on the last day of the previous year. Each day the boats line up bow-to-stern, usually along the bank of the river, with a set distance between each boat and the next (usually about one and a half boat-lengths of clear water). The starting positions are usually marked by a rope or chain attached to the bank, the other end of which is held by each boat's cox. Boats wait along the bank, and may be poled out just in time for the start, to avoid drifting. At the start signal the cox lets go of the rope and the crew starts to row, attempting to catch and bump the boat in front while simultaneously being chased by the one behind.

Bump (TV series)

Bump was a television programme aimed at young children, created by Charles Mills and Terry Brain (also responsible for The Trap Door and Stoppit and Tidyup), produced by Queensgate Productions and originally aired on BBC1. It was a cartoon that featured an elephant named Bump and a bluebird named Birdie. The first series was aired from 14 September to 7 December 1990, and the second from 10 January to 4 April 1994. The two series ran a total of twenty-six episodes, each 5 minutes long. In 1994 there was a Christmas special which was 10 minutes in length. The programme was narrated by Simon Cadell of Hi-de-Hi! fame, who died in 1996. Bump was known to be very clumsy, a trait that was emphasised by a bandage stuck onto his forehead. Birdie would often give Bump advice on how he could become more graceful. Bump and Birdie regularly encountered animals that had a problem (such as Whizzer the mouse, Munch the tortoise, McDuff the dog, Big Bun and Little Bun the rabbits and Batty the bat) and would help them to find a solution. Most of these animals were recurring characters, and all of the characters' Stoppit and Tidyup-esque sounds were made by analog synthesizers.

Split

Split(s) or The Split may refer to:

Places

Music

Games

Sports and dance

Splitting lemma

In mathematics, and more specifically in homological algebra, the splitting lemma states that in any abelian category, the following statements for a short exact sequence are equivalent.

Given a short exact sequence with maps q and r:

one writes the additional arrows t and u for maps that may not exist:

Then the following statements are equivalent:

The short exact sequence is called split if any of the above statements hold.

(The word "map" refers to morphisms in the abelian category we are working in, not mappings between sets.)

It allows one to refine the first isomorphism theorem:

the first isomorphism theorem states that in the above short exact sequence, (i.e. "C" isomorphic to the coimage of "r" or cokernel of "q")

if the sequence splits, then , and the first isomorphism theorem is just the projection onto C.

It is a categorical generalization of the rank–nullity theorem (in the form ) in linear algebra.

Proof

First, to show that (3) implies both (1) and (2), we assume (3) and take as t the natural projection of the direct sum onto A, and take as u the natural injection of C into the direct sum.

Split (phylogenetics)

A split in phylogenetics is a bipartition of a set of taxa, and the smallest unit of information in unrooted phylogenetic trees: each edge of an unrooted phylogenetic tree represents one split, and the tree can be efficiently reconstructed from its set of splits. Moreover, when given several trees, the splits occurring in more than half of these trees give rise to a consensus tree, and the splits occurring in a smaller fraction of the trees generally give rise to a consensus Split Network.

See also

SplitsTree, a program for inferring phylogenetic (split) networks.

References