Born Free | |
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File:Born-Free-Poster.jpg Original film poster |
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Directed by | James Hill |
Produced by | Sam Jaffe Paul Radin |
Written by | Book: Joy Adamson Screenplay: Lester Cole |
Starring | Virginia McKenna Bill Travers |
Music by | John Barry |
Cinematography | Kenneth Talbot |
Editing by | Don Deacon |
Studio | Shepperton Studios |
Distributed by | Columbia Pictures |
Release date(s) |
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Running time | 95 minutes |
Language | English |
Born Free is a 1966 British drama film starring Virginia McKenna and Bill Travers as Joy and George Adamson, a real-life couple who raised Elsa the Lioness, an orphaned lion cub, to adulthood, and released her into the wilderness of Kenya. The movie was produced by Open Road Films Ltd. and Columbia Pictures. The screenplay, written by blacklisted Hollywood writer Lester Cole (under the pseudonym "Gerald L.C. Copley"), was based upon Joy Adamson's 1960 non-fictional book Born Free. The film was directed by James Hill and produced by Sam Jaffe and Paul Radin. Born Free, and its musical score by John Barry, won numerous awards.
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George Adamson served as chief technical advisor on the film and discusses his involvement in his first autobiography, Bwana Game (U.K. title, 1968), known in the U.S. as A Lifetime with Lions.[1]
The making of the film was a life-changing experience for actors Virginia McKenna and her husband Bill Travers, who became animal rights activists and were instrumental in creating the Born Free Foundation.
One of the lions in the film was played by a former mascot of the Scots Guards, who had to leave him behind when they left Kenya.[2] The producers are also most grateful for the help received from His Imperial Majesty Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia and also The Game Department of Uganda.
The film also credits lions and lionesses Boy and Girl (siblings), Henrietta, Mara, Ugas, and "The Cubs".
The Adamsons tend three orphaned lion cubs to young lionhood, and, when the time comes, the two largest are sent to the Rotterdam Zoo, while Elsa the Lioness (the youngest of the litter) remains with Joy. When Elsa is held responsible for stampeding a herd of elephants through a village, John Kendall (Geoffrey Keen), Adamson's boss, gives the couple three months to either rehabilitate Elsa to the wild, or send her to a zoo. Joy opposes sending Elsa to a zoo, and spends much time attempting to re-introduce Elsa to the life of a wild lion in a distant reserve. At last, Joy succeeds, and with mixed feelings and a breaking heart, she returns her friend to the wild. The Adamsons then depart for their home in England; a year later, they return to Kenya for a week, hoping to find Elsa. They do, and happily discover she hasn't forgotten them, and is the mother of three cubs.
Vincent Canby waxed enthusiastic about the film, writing in The New York Times, "Almost from the opening shot — a vast expanse of corn-colored African plain where lions feed on the carcass of a freshly killed zebra — one knows that Joy Adamson's best-selling book "Born Free" has been entrusted to honest, intelligent filmmakers. Without minimizing the facts of animal life or overly sentimentalizing them, this film casts an enchantment that is just about irresistible."[3]
The book Born Free was followed by two other books, Living Free and Forever Free.
The Lions are Free (1969) follows the lion performers of the film Born Free. Bill Travers journeys to a remote area in Kenya to visit George Adamson, and several of George's lion friends.
A sequel, Living Free (1972), starred Susan Hampshire and Nigel Davenport as Joy and George Adamson. The sequel is based not on the book by the same name, but on the third book of the series, Forever Free.
To Walk with Lions (1999) depicts the last years of George Adamson's life, as seen through the eyes of his assistant, Tony Fitzjohn. George is portrayed by Richard Harris, and Honor Blackman makes a brief appearance as Joy.
In 1974, a thirteen-episode American television series was broadcast by NBC, entitled Born Free, starring Diana Muldaur and Gary Collins as Joy and George Adamson. The series was completely fictional.
The final installment of the television franchise so far is a television film called Born Free: A New Adventure which was released in 1996, with Linda Purl and Chris Noth. Joy and George Adamson do not appear as the main characters in the story.
The one-hour Nature documentary Elsa's Legacy: The Born Free Story was released on PBS stations in January 2011. It reviews the Elsa story and questions her release. It includes a collection of archival footage and an exploration into the lives of Joy and George Adamson during the years following release of the film.
Season 5 episode 6, "Far Away Places" of the AMC period drama Mad Men has the character of Peggy Olson skip work to catch a matinee of Born Free.
Frederick George "Freddy" Moore (born July 19, 1950) is an American rock musician probably best known for his 1980 song "It's Not A Rumour", which he co-wrote with his then-wife Demi Moore, and recorded with his band The Nu-Kats. The song was not a chart hit, but the video did receive airplay on MTV in the early 1980s.
Moore was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and aside from his family's brief move to San Francisco, California in 1964/65, grew up in the Twin Cities area. "I didn't have any friends and really didn't want any. I just sat in my room and played Beatle songs and wrote my own," he claims. At this point, he was known as Rick Moore.
He graduated from Richfield, Minnesota High School in 1968. Fearful that he would be drafted to serve in the Vietnam War, he enrolled at the University of Minnesota to study Music Theory and Composition under composer Dominick Argento.
After performances with his band An English Sky, Moore started performing as "Skogie", circa 1970, and soon after formed Skogie and the Flaming Pachucos. Later, the band name reverted to Skogie.
"Boy (I Need You)" is a song by American singer-songwriter Mariah Carey, taken from her ninth studio album, Charmbracelet (2002). It was written by Carey, Justin Smith, Norman Whitfield and Cameron Giles, and produced by the former and Just Blaze. The song was released as the album's second single on November 26, 2002. Initially, "The One" had been chosen as the second single from the album, however, halfway through the filming of a music video for it, the singer decided to release "Boy (I Need You)" instead. Considered by Carey as one of her favorites, the track is a reworked version of rapper Cam'ron's song "Oh Boy" released earlier that year.
The song was met with generally mixed reviews from contemporary critics. Many praised Carey's versatility and considered it as one of the stand-out tracks of Charmbracelet for having a different production when compared to the others. However, the sample hook of the song was described as "annoying". The single failed to make much impact on the charts around the world; it reached number 68 on the US Billboard Hip-Hop/R&B Songs chart and number 57 on the US Hot Singles Sales chart. Elsewhere, the song reached the top 20 in the United Kingdom, while peaking within the top 40 in Australia, the Netherlands, Ireland and New Zealand.
Ace (from Ajax.org Cloud9 Editor) is a standalone code editor written in JavaScript. The goal is to create a web-based code editor that matches and extends the features, usability, and performance of existing native editors such as TextMate, Vim, or Eclipse. It can be easily embedded in any web page and JavaScript application. Ace is developed as the primary editor for Cloud9 IDE and as the successor of the Mozilla Skywriter project.
Previously known as Bespin or lately Skywriter, it is now known as Ace (Ajax.org Cloud9 Editor). Bespin and Ace started as two independent projects both aiming to build a no-compromise code editor component for the web. Bespin started as part of Mozilla Labs and was based on the <canvas>
tag, while Ace is the Editor component of the Cloud9 IDE and is using the DOM for rendering. After the release of Ace at JSConf.eu 2010, in Berlin, the Skywriter team decided to merge Ace with a simplified version of Skywriter's plugin system and some of Skywriter's extensibility points. All these changes have been merged back to Ace now, which supersedes Skywriter. Both Ajax.org and Mozilla are actively developing and maintaining Ace.
Ace Motor Corporation was a motorcycle manufacturer in operation continuously in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania between 1919 and 1924 and intermittently afterward until 1927. Essentially only one model of the large luxury four-cylinder motorcycle, with slight variations, was made from first to last.
Having sold Henderson Motorcycle to Ignaz Schwinn's Excelsior Motor Manufacturing & Supply Company, founder William G. Henderson continued to work there until 1919, when differences of opinion regarding the design direction of Henderson motorcycles led to his resignation from Excelsior.
In the fall of 1919, with the support of Max M. Sladkin of Haverford Cycle Co., Henderson started the Ace Motor Corporation in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Ace motorcycle resembled the Henderson in general form, being a longitudinal four-cylinder motorcycle with chain drive, but Henderson had to be careful not to infringe any trademarks or patents that would have been owned by Excelsior at the time. Production began in 1920.
The American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, or ACEEE, is a nonprofit, 501(c)(3) organization. Founded in 1980, ACEEE's mission is to act as a catalyst to advance energy efficiency policies, programs, technologies, investments, and behaviors in order to help achieve greater economic prosperity, energy security, and environmental protection.
ACEEE employs more than 35 Washington, D.C.-based employees, and holds field offices in Delaware, Michigan, Washington, and Wisconsin. The organization's primary focuses are on end-use efficiency in industry, buildings, utilities, and transportation; economic analysis and human behavior; and state and national policy.
ACEEE has worked on federal energy policy since the 1980s. The organization played central roles in the development of the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987, energy efficiency provisions in the Energy Policy Act of 1992 and the Energy Policy Act of 2005, and the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007. It also played a role in the development of energy efficiency sections in recent farm bills. Many of these provisions were developed in cooperation with interested business and received bipartisan support.
Space (Hyperspace in the United States) is a 2001 BBC documentary which ran for six episodes covering a number of topics in relation to outer space. The series is hosted and narrated by actor Sam Neill.
[Verse]
Have you ever been locked in a spaceship?
Lost in the sky
Flying high above highways
Still trapped in the sky
I know the meaning of success
Whoa, but you gotta believe
Evil has a way of showing its fine face
Still you gotta believe
Time has a way of standing still for you
Only to go up to fall down
[Verse]
Have you ever been locked in a spaceship?
And lost in your lies
Flying high above the highways
Still trapped in the skies
I know the meaning of success
Oh, but you got to believe
Evil has a way of showing its face
Oh, but you got to believe
[Guitar Solo]
So, you fly into the darkness
Using the stars for your lights
And you finally found your planet
Time to set things right
[Verse]
Have you ever been locked in a spaceship?
And trapped in a lie
But the beauty is the truth
You can look in your eyes
(Monkey noise) Achk