IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry

In chemical nomenclature, the IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry is a systematic method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). It is published in the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (informally called the Blue Book). Ideally, every possible organic compound should have a name from which an unambiguous structural formula can be created. There is also an IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry.

For ordinary communication, to spare a tedious description, the official IUPAC naming recommendations are not always followed in practice, except when it is necessary to give an unambiguous and absolute definition to a compound, or when the IUPAC name is simpler (e.g. ethanol instead of ethyl alcohol). Otherwise the common or trivial name may be used, often derived from the source of the compound (see below). In addition, very long names may be less concise than structural formulae.

OXO (band)

OXO was an American dance-rock band formed in 1983 by Ish 'Angel' Ledesma, the former lead singer of Foxy. He formed the band with guitarist Orlando Nuñez, bass player Frank Garcia, and drummer Freddy Alwag. The band's only Top 40 hit was "Whirly Girl," a song about Ish's wife, which, according to Ledesma, was originally titled "Worldly Girl." Despite its one-hit wonder, OXO's success was not to last, and the band broke up a few years later.

Episode 104 of the Showtime series This American Life, based on the long-running PRI radio show, focuses on Frank Garcia and OXO.

Discography

Album

Single

The single "Whirly Girl" gained notoriety in the popular unreleased film, "Flim Flam", starring Dave The Star. Whirly Girl is the inspiration for the cultural phenomenon called "Knacking". Knacking involves extending one's arm out, open-palmed, in fast motions synchronized with a beat or a random percussive sound in a song, while in close proximity to an observer, preferably without inadvertently hitting the observer.

Oxo (food)

Oxo is a brand of food products, including stock cubes, herbs and spices, dried gravy, and yeast extract. The original product was the beef stock cube, but Oxo now also markets chicken and other flavour cubes, e.g. Chinese Recipe and Indian Recipe. The cubes are broken up and used as flavouring in meals or gravy or dissolved into boiling water.

In the United Kingdom, the Oxo brand belongs to Premier Foods. In South Africa, the Oxo brand is owned and manufactured by Mars, Incorporated and in Canada is owned and manufactured by Knorr.

Ingredients

The "Oxo Chicken stock cube" contains 2% chicken extract with the bulk of the flavour coming from MSG and yeast extract.

History

Concentrated meat extract was invented by Justus von Liebig around 1840 and commercialized by Liebig's Extract of Meat Company (Lemco) starting in 1866. The original product was a viscous liquid containing only meat extract and 4% salt. In 1899, the company introduced the trademark Oxo for a cheaper version; the origin of the name is unknown, but presumably comes from the word 'ox'. Since the cost of liquid Oxo remained beyond the reach of many families, the company launched a research project to develop a solid version that could be sold in cubes for a penny. After much research, the first Oxo cubes were produced in 1910 and further increased Oxo's popularity. During World War I 100 million OXO cubes were provided to the armed services, all of them individually hand-wrapped.

Comè

Comè is a town and arrondissement located in the Mono Department of Benin. The commune covers an area of 163 square kilometres and as of 2012 had a population of 33,507 people. It was home to a refugee camp for Togolese refugees until it was closed in 2006.

References

Coordinates: 6°24′N 1°53′E / 6.400°N 1.883°E / 6.400; 1.883

COM file

A COM file is a type of simple executable file. On the Digital Equipment operating systems of the 1970s, .COM was used as a filename extension for text files containing commands to be issued to the operating system (similar to a batch file). With the introduction of CP/M (a microcomputer operating system), the type of files commonly associated with COM extension changed to that of executable files. This convention was later carried over to MS-DOS. Even when complemented by the more general .exe file format for executables, the compact COM files remain viable and frequently used in MS-DOS.

The .COM file name extension has no relation to the .com (for "commercial") top-level Internet domain name. However, this similarity in name has been exploited by malicious computer virus writers.

MS-DOS binary format

The COM format is the original binary executable format used in CP/M and MS-DOS. It is very simple; it has no header (with the exception of CP/M 3 files), and contains no standard metadata, only code and data. This simplicity exacts a price: the binary has a maximum size of 65,280 (FF00h) bytes (256 bytes short of 64 KB) and stores all its code and data in one segment.

Video game bot

In video games, a bot is a type of weak AI expert system software which for each instance of the program controls a player in deathmatch, team deathmatch and/or cooperative human player, most prominently in the first-person shooters (FPS). Computer-controlled bots may play against other bots and/or human players in unison, either over the Internet, on a LAN or in a local session. Features and intelligence of bots may vary greatly, especially with community created content. Advanced bots feature machine learning for dynamic learning of patterns of the opponent as well as dynamic learning of previously unknown maps – whereas more trivial bots may rely completely on lists of waypoints created for each map by the developer, limiting the bot to play only maps with said waypoints. Bots can be created by game-developers as well as by users after the release. Using bots is against the rules of all of the current main Massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG).

In MUDs, players may run bots to automate laborious tasks: this activity can sometimes make up the bulk of the gameplay. While a prohibited practice in most MUDs, there is an incentive for the player to save his/her time while the bot accumulates resources, such as experience, for the player character.

DEM (disambiguation)

DEM was the ISO 4217 currency code for the Deutsche Mark, former currency of Germany.

DEM or Dem can also refer to:

Computing

Organisations

Other uses