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The Skien watershed is the third largest watershed of Norway after the watersheds of the Glomma and the Drammen rivers. The catchment area is 10,780 sq km, and maximum length is 252 km.
The Skien watershed includes rivers which feed Lake Norsjø above Skien;
- Vinje-Tokke watershed, which includes lakes Totak, Bandak, Kviteseidvatn and Flåvatn. Tokke River rises from Lake Totak in Vinje.
- Bøelva watershed, which includes lakes Sundsbarmvatn and Seljordsvatn. Bøelva flows into Lake Norsjø at Årnesbukta.
- Tinnelva watershed, which includes the lakes Møsvatn, Kalhovdfjorden, Tinnsjø and Heddalsvatn as well as the Hjartdøla River.
The Skien River (Skienselva) begins in Skien, at the Telemark Canal's first lock, and runs through Porsgrunn to the mouth of the river at Frierfjord at Norsk Hydro's factory complex. Through Porsgrunn municipality the river is called the Porsgrunn River (Porsgrunnselva).
The Skien watershed is heavily regulated for power production and large parts are channeled. The Telemark Canal connects Skien to Dalen at the delta where Tokke River flows into the west end of the Lake Bandak. Telemark Canal links up several long lakes using a series of 8 locks. Norsjø-Skien Canal with locks in Skien and by Løveid was built in the period 1854-1861 and is the oldest of the two channels. This channel connects with Bryggevannet harbor in Skien, and Frierfjord in Bamble. Bandak-Norsjø Canal is the second original channel and was opened in 1892.[1]
References [link]
Other sources [link]
- Eie, Jon Arne; Per Einar Faugli; Jens Aabel (1996) Elver og vann. Vern av norske vassdrag (Grøndahl Dreyer) ISBN 82-504-2241-4
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Skien
Skien [ˈʃeː'ən] (
listen) is a city and municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Grenland. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Skien. Skien is also the administrative centre of Telemark county.
Skien is one of Norway's oldest cities, with an urban history dating back to the Middle Ages, and received privileges as a market town in 1358. From the 15th century, the city was governed by a 12-member council. The modern municipality of Skien was established on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). The rural municipalities of Gjerpen and Solum were merged into the municipality of Skien on 1 January 1964.
The conurbation of Skien and Porsgrunn is considered by Statistics Norway to be the seventh largest city in Norway, straddling an area of three municipalities: Skien municipality (about 62% of the population), Porsgrunn (30%), and Bamble (8%). The area is home to more than 100,000 people.
Skien was historically Norway's most important port town for shipping timber and one of Norway's leading commercial cities with extensive contact with neighbouring countries, particularly the Netherlands. The city was the birthplace of playwright Henrik Ibsen, and many of his famous dramas are set in places reminiscent of 19th century Skien.
