Shivering

Shivering (also called shuddering) is a bodily function in response to early hypothermia or just feeling cold in warm-blooded animals. When the core body temperature drops, the shivering reflex is triggered to maintain homeostasis. Skeletal muscles begin to shake in small movements, creating warmth by expending energy. Shivering can also be a response to a fever, as a person may feel cold. During fever the hypothalamic set point for temperature is raised. The increased set point causes the body temperature to rise (pyrexia), but also makes the patient feel cold until the new set point is reached. Severe chills with violent shivering are called rigors. Rigors occur because the patient's body is shivering in a physiological attempt to increase body temperature to the new set point.

Located in the posterior hypothalamus near the wall of the third ventricle is an area called the primary motor center for shivering. This area is normally inhibited by signals from the heat center in the anterior hypothalamic-preoptic area but is excited by cold signals from the skin and spinal cord. Therefore, this center becomes activated when the body temperature falls even a fraction of a degree below a critical temperature level.

Shiver (Jamie O'Neal album)

Shiver is the first studio album by the country music artist Jamie O'Neal. Released on October 31, 2000, the album reached its peak of number 14 on the U.S. Top Country Albums chart and number 125 on the Billboard 200. It was certified Gold by the RIAA for sales of 500,000. The album was released through Mercury Nashville Records. Five singles were released from Shiver, the first two ("There Is No Arizona" and "When I Think About Angels") managed to reach number 1 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart.

The album included a duet with the country singer Mark Wills, who also recorded for Mercury at the time. The track, "I'm Not Gonna Do Anything Without You", was released as a single for Wills, and reached number 31 on the country charts. The song is also available on Wills' studio album, Loving Every Minute.

After the release of this album, O'Neal recorded a second album for Mercury, entitled On My Way to You. Although its lead-off single peaked at number 34 in 2003, the album was not released and O'Neal exited Mercury. She then signed to Capitol Records Nashville to release her next album, Brave (2005).

Maggie Stiefvater

Maggie Stiefvater (STEE-vah-tǝr; born November 18, 1981) is an American writer of Young Adult fiction. She currently lives in Virginia.

Early life

Stiefvater was born Heidi Hummel in Harrisonburg, Virginia. After being home-schooled from sixth grade on, Maggie Stiefvater attended Mary Washington College, graduating with a B.A. in history. After graduating, she worked as a portrait artist, specializing in equestrian art, which is collected internationally. At 16, she legally changed her first name from Heidi to Margaret. She is married and has two children.

Writing career

Stiefvater published her first novel, Lament, in 2008. Before Lament had been released, she sold the rights to Ballad, the sequel to Lament, and to Shiver, the first book in The Wolves of Mercy Falls trilogy.Shiver spent more than 40 weeks on the New York Times Bestseller List. In 2010, Linger debuted at the number one spot on the New York Times Bestseller List. There are over 1.7 million copies of The Wolves of Mercy Falls series in print and more than thirty-six foreign editions have been licensed.

Joab

Joab (Hebrew יוֹאָב _ModernYo'av _Tiberian Yôʼāḇ) the son of Zeruiah, was the nephew of King David and the commander of his army, according to the Bible.

Name

The name Joab (יוֹאָב) is derived from Yahweh (יהוה), the name of the God of Israel, and the Hebrew word 'av' (אָב), meaning 'father'. It therefore means 'Yahweh [is] father'. Apart from David's nephew, the name is given to two other individuals in the Bible (see Ezra 2:6, 8:9). Those are the descendants of Joab of Bethlehem the son of Zeruiah the subject is of the house and head of the house. The individual is Obadiah the son of Jehiel. It is also a common name in modern Israel.

The name Yoav (Joab) may also be attributed to the district of Moav (Moab in Latin transcription),eastern bank of the Jordan, from where Ruth the Moabitess came.

Biblical narrative

Joab was the son of Zeruiah, a sister of king David, who made him captain of his army (2 Samuel 8:16; 20:23; 1 Chronicles 11:6; 18:15; 27:34). He had two brothers, Abishai and Asahel. Asahel was killed by Abner in combat, for which Joab took revenge by murdering Abner in an ambush against David's wishes (2 Samuel 2:13-32; 3:27).

Yoav (musician)

Yoav (born Yoav Sadan on October 15, 1979 in Tel Aviv, Israel) is a singer-songwriter of Israeli-Romanian descent, raised in South Africa.

His debut album Charmed and Strange was released in early 2008. Yoav's music features his own vocals and accompaniment by an acoustic guitar, which he uses to create electronica-style beats with his hands. He has also released two singles, "Club Thing" and "Beautiful Lie", the former having some success and charting in countries around Europe. His song "Adore Adore" was also featured in "Redwood", an episode of The Mentalist. He also had a version of his cover song of "Where Is My Mind?" featured in the 2011 film Sucker Punch, which starred actress and singer Emily Browning. The song was subsequently included on the soundtrack.

His father, a Jewish architect who lived through World War II in his native Romania, before moving to Israel (where Yoav was born) and then relocating to South Africa with Yoav's opera singer mother.

Since Yoav's critically acclaimed debut album, Charmed and Strange (2008), he has sold out headline shows in Canada, the U.S., and Europe. He also embarked on a North American tour with Tori Amos, on which he sold over 9,000 copies of his album in three months. Yoav has also been featured as a "Single of the Week" artist on iTunes Canada. He also achieved a No.1 song in Russia, where he also received a special RAMP award (Rock Alternative Music Prize) in recognition of his achievements. After only one radio session in Denmark, Charmed and Strange climbed to number one on that country's iTunes album chart within 24 hours.