Dave Matthews Band

Dave Matthews Band (often abbreviated to DMB) is an American rock band that was formed in Charlottesville, Virginia in 1991. The founding members were singer-songwriter and guitarist Dave Matthews, bassist Stefan Lessard, drummer/backing vocalist Carter Beauford and saxophonist LeRoi Moore. Boyd Tinsley was added to the band as a violinist soon after the band was formed. Moore died suddenly in August 2008 due to complications from injuries sustained in an ATV accident. Grammy Award-winner Jeff Coffin (of Béla Fleck and the Flecktones) has since filled Moore's spot as the band's saxophonist. Rashawn Ross and Tim Reynolds have also become full-time touring members of the band. The band's 2009 album Big Whiskey and the GrooGrux King (the first album since Moore's death) debuted at number one on the Billboard 200, earning the band their fifth consecutive number-one debut. Their most recent album, Away from the World, released in 2012, debuted at number one on the Billboard chart — making them the only group to have six consecutive studio albums debut in the top spot. As of 2010, the Dave Matthews Band has sold over 30 million records worldwide.

Secrets (post-hardcore band)

Secrets (stylized as SECRETS) is an American post-hardcore band from San Diego, California, formed in 2010. After being signed to Rise Records in 2011, Secrets released their debut full-length album, The Ascent, in January 2012. The record debuted at #3 on the Billboard Heatseekers Chart and became the first Velocity Records release to appear on the Billboard Top 200, debuting at #185.

After going through line-up changes in 2013, the band released their second album, Fragile Figures in July. The album was a success, selling over 10,000 copies in the first month and charting at #59 on the Billboard 200 chart.

History

Formation and The Ascent (2010–2012)

Secrets was formed from ex-A City Serene members, Xander Bourgeois, Marc Koch, Joe English, and Michael Sherman. The original line up of A City Serene soon dispersed after they were involved in a serious car accident, which left one member in a coma. They reformed as Secrets in 2010, and added Richard Rogers as their clean vocalist and rhythm guitarist. The band was quickly signed to Rise Records imprint, Velocity Records. Though they initially planned to release an EP, the band went ahead with a full-length album, The Ascent. This album was produced by Tom Denney, formerly of A Day to Remember.

Secrets (Allison Crowe album)

Secrets, released in 2004 (see 2004 in music), is the second studio album released by Allison Crowe and her first full-length CD. Following the dissolution of her trio, Crowe recorded this solo, singer-songwriter, collection in Nanaimo, British Columbia. She engineered the recording and assisted with production alongside Rainer Willeke of the Victoria, Canada-based r'n'b combo, Soul Station. Performing all vocals (lead and harmonies), piano and keyboards Crowe added acoustic guitar tracks and percussive 'thumps'.

Secrets contains 'old' fan favourites (some of which are radically redefined from earlier performances), newly penned songs, and a pair of personal picks from other artists: Counting Crows' "Raining in Baltimore" ~ the first song performed by Crowe when she launched her career as a singer-songwriter in the mid-'90s; and "Joan of Arc", a poem song from the pen of Leonard Cohen.

Track listing

NAV

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Nav1.1

Na_v1.1, also known as the sodium channel, voltage-gated, type I, alpha subunit (SCN1A), is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SCN1A gene.

Function

The vertebrate sodium channel is a voltage-gated ion channel essential for the generation and propagation of action potentials, chiefly in nerve and muscle. Voltage-sensitive sodium channels are heteromeric complexes consisting of a large central pore-forming glycosylated alpha subunit and 2 smaller auxiliary beta subunits. Functional studies have indicated that the transmembrane alpha subunit of the brain sodium channels is sufficient for expression of functional sodium channels. Brain sodium channel alpha subunits form a gene subfamily with several structurally distinct isoforms clustering on chromosome 2q24, types I, II (Na_v1.2), and III (Na_v1.3). There are also several distinct sodium channel alpha subunit isoforms in skeletal and cardiac muscle (Na_v1.4 and Na_v1.5, respectively).

Clinical significance

Mutations in the SCN1A gene cause inherited febrile seizures and GEFS+, type 2.

Nav1.4

Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCN4A gene.

The Na_v1.4 voltage-gated sodium channel is encoded by the SCN4A gene. Mutations in the gene are associated with hypokalemic periodic paralysis, hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, paramyotonia congenita, and potassium-aggravated myotonia.

Function

Voltage-gated sodium channels are transmembrane glycoprotein complexes composed of a large alpha subunit with 24 transmembrane domains and one or more regulatory beta subunits. They are responsible for the generation and propagation of action potentials in neurons and muscle. This gene encodes one member of the sodium channel alpha subunit gene family. It is expressed in skeletal muscle, and mutations in this gene have been linked to several myotonia and periodic paralysis disorders.

Clinical significance

Periodic paralysis

In hypokalemic periodic paralysis, arginine residues making up the voltage sensor of Na_v1.4 are mutated. The voltage sensor comprises the S4 alpha helix of each of the four transmembrane domains (I-IV) of the protein, and contains basic residues that only allow entry of the positive sodium ions at appropriate membrane voltages by blocking or opening the channel pore. In patients with these mutations, the channel has a reduced excitability and signals from the central nervous system are unable to depolarise muscle. As a result, the muscle cannot contract efficiently, causing paralysis. The condition is hypokalemic because a low extracellular potassium ion concentration will cause the muscle to repolarise to the resting potential more quickly, so even if calcium conductance does occur it cannot be sustained. It becomes more difficult to reach the calcium threshold at which the muscle can contract, and even if this is reached then the muscle is more likely to relax. Because of this, the severity would be reduced if potassium ion concentrations are kept high.