Sandwich compound

In organometallic chemistry, a sandwich compound is a chemical compound featuring a metal bound by haptic covalent bonds to two arene ligands. The arenes have the formula C_nH_n, substituted derivatives (for example C_n(CH₃)_n) and heterocyclic derivatives (for example BC_nH_n+1). Because the metal is usually situated between the two rings, it is said to be "sandwiched." A special class of sandwich complexes are the metallocenes.

The term sandwich compound was introduced in organometallic nomenclature in during the mid-1950s in a report by J.D. Dunitz, L.E. Orgel and R.A. Rich, who confirmed the structure of ferrocene by X-ray crystallography. The correct structure had been proposed several years previously by Robert Burns Woodward and, separately, by Ernst Otto Fischer. The structure helped explain puzzles about ferrocene's conformers, the molecule features an iron atom sandwiched between two parallel cyclopentadienyl rings. This result further demonstrated the power of X-ray crystallography and accelerated the growth of organometallic chemistry.

Sandwich

A sandwich is a food item consisting of one or more types of food, such as vegetables, sliced cheese or meat, placed on or between slices of bread, or more generally any dish wherein two or more pieces of bread serve as a container or wrapper for some other food. The sandwich was originally a portable food item or finger food which began to be popular in the Western World. Today sandwiches in various versions are found worldwide.

Sandwiches are a popular type of lunch food, taken to work, school, or picnics to be eaten as part of a packed lunch. The bread can be used plain, or it can be coated with one or more condiments such as mayonnaise or mustard to enhance the flavours and texture. As well as being homemade, sandwiches are also widely sold in restaurants and cafes, and are sometimes served hot as well as cold. There are both savoury sandwiches, such as deli meat sandwiches, and sweet sandwiches, such as a peanut butter and jelly sandwich.

The sandwich is considered to be the namesake of John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, because of the claim that he was the eponymous inventor of this food combination.The Wall Street Journal has described it as Britain's "biggest contribution to gastronomy".

Sandwich station (Massachusetts)

Sandwich is a railway station in Sandwich, Massachusetts on Cape Cod. It is currently only used by the Cape Cod Central Railroad as a whistle stop for its seasonal excursion trains.

History

The original passenger station in Sandwich was opened in May 1848 when the Cape Cod Branch Railroad extended its rail line from Middleborough to Sandwich.

The original station was replaced by a brick station building in 1878. It was demolished in the 1980s.

Scheduled year-round passenger service was operated to Sandwich from 1848 until June 30, 1959 when the New Haven Railroad discontinued all passenger service on its Old Colony division. During the summers of 1961 to 1964 the New Haven Railroad operated weekend service between New York and Hyannis, with a scheduled stop in Sandwich. The station also saw seasonal service between 1984 and 1988 when the Cape Cod & Hyannis Railroad operated service between Braintree, Massachusetts and Cape Cod. The Sandwich station was also used from 1986 to 1996 for Amtrak's Cape Codder service.

Sandwich (UK Parliament constituency)

Sandwich was a parliamentary constituency in Kent, which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1366 until 1885, when it was disfranchised for corruption.

History

Sandwich like most of the other Cinque Ports, was first enfranchised in the 14th century. As a Cinque Port it was technically of different status from a parliamentary borough, but the difference was in most respects purely a nominal one. (The writ for election was directed to the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, rather than the sheriff of the county, and its MPs were termed "barons" rather than "burgesses" as in boroughs.). Until 1832, the constituency consisted of the three parishes making up the town of Sandwich; it had once been a flourishing port but by the 19th century the harbour had silted up and there was only a limited maritime trade.