Samuel M. Jordan

Dr. Samuel Martin Jordan (1871 – 1952) was an American presbyterian missionary in Persia (Iran).

He is sometimes referred to as the "father of modern education in Iran," though Amir Kabir (due to his establishment of Dar ol-Fonoon) is generally thought to be more deserving of this title, and indeed within Iran, the title refers to Amir Kabir.

After graduating first from Lafayette College and then from the Princeton Theological Seminary in 1898, he moved to Tehran and spent 43 years as a missionary in Iran. Under his direction, the establishment that later took the name of Alborz High School was upgraded to the American College of Tehran and received a permanent charter from the Board of Regents of the State University of New York in 1932. Dr. Jordan served as President of the institution from 1899 until 1940. He received the first Scientific Medal of Iran in 1940.

In appreciation of his many pioneering services to the Higher Education in Iran, a boulevard in Tehran, Jordan Boulevard, was named after him. Although after the 1979 Iranian Revolution this street's name was changed (to Africa), the old name is still widely used. A statue of him, perhaps the only of a Westerner in Iran at the time, which is still on display in Amirkabir University, was dedicated in Alborz High School. Further, a theater in Tehran was named after him.

Samuel

Samuel (/ˈsæm.juː.əl/;Hebrew: שְׁמוּאֵל, Modern Shmu'el, Tiberian Šəmûʼēl; Arabic: صموئيل Ṣamuil; Greek: Σαμουήλ Samouēl; Latin: Samvel; Strong's: Shemuwel), literally meaning "Name of God" in Hebrew, is a leader of ancient Israel in the Books of Samuel in the Hebrew Bible. He is also known as a prophet and is mentioned in the second chapter of the Qur'an, although not by name.

His status, as viewed by rabbinical literature, is that he was the last of the Hebrew Judges and the first of the major prophets who began to prophesy inside the Land of Israel. He was thus at the cusp between two eras. According to the text of the Books of Samuel, he also anointed the first two kings of the Kingdom of Israel: Saul and David.

Biblical account

Family

Samuel's mother was Hannah and his father was Elkanah. Elkanah lived at Rama-thaim in the district of Zuph. His genealogy is also found in a pedigree of the Kohathites (1 Chron. 6:3-15) and in that of Heman, his great-grandson (ib. vi. 18-22). According to the genealogical tables, Elkanah was a Levite - a fact otherwise not mentioned in the books of Samuel. The fact that Elkanah, a Levite, was denominated an Ephraimite is analogous to the designation of a Levite belonging to Judah (Judges 17:7, for example).

Samuel of Nehardea

Samuel of Nehardea or Samuel bar Abba (Hebrew: שמואל or שמואל ירחינאה) was a Jewish Talmudist who lived in Babylonia, known as an Amora of the first generation; son of Abba bar Abba and head of the Yeshiva at Nehardea. He was a teacher of halakha, judge, physician, and astronomer. He was born about 165 CE at Nehardea, in Babylonia and died there about 257 CE. As in the case of many other great men, a number of legendary stories are connected with his birth (comp. Halakot Gedolot, Giṭṭin, end; Tos. Ḳid. 73a s.v. Mai Ikka). In Talmudic texts, Samuel is frequently associated with Abba Arika, with whom he debated on many major issues. He was the teacher of Rabbi Judah ben Ezekiel. From the little biographical information gleaned from the Talmud, we know that Samuel was never ordained as a Tanna, that he was very precise with his words (Kidd. 70), and that he had a special affinity for astronomy: one of his best known sayings was that "The paths of heaven are as clear to me as the pathways of Nehardea."

Samuel (name)

Samuel (Sometimes spelled Samual) is a male given name of Hebrew origin meaning either "name of God" or "God has heard" (שם האלוהים Shem Alohim) (שמע אלוהים Sh'ma Alohim). Samuel was the last of the ruling judges in the Old Testament. He anointed Saul to be the first King of Israel and later anointed David.

As a Christian name, Samuel came into common use after the Protestant Reformation. Famous bearers include the American inventor Samuel F.B. Morse (1791–1872), the Irish writer Samuel Beckett (1906–89) and the American author Samuel Clemens (1835–1910), who wrote under the pen name Mark Twain.

The name Samuel is popular among Black Africans, as well as among African Americans. It is also widespread among the modern Jewish communities, especially Sephardic Jews.

Translations

Jordan 197

The Jordan 197 was the car with which the Jordan Formula One team used to compete in the 1997 Formula One season. It was driven by Ralf Schumacher and Giancarlo Fisichella, who were both in their first season with the team. Ralf was a complete rookie to F1, and Fisichella had only a part-season with Minardi behind him. It was seen as a gamble on the part of Eddie Jordan to recruit two young, inexperienced drivers to replace Rubens Barrichello and Martin Brundle.

After a disappointing season in 1996, the team seemed revitalised for 1997. The car gave Jordan the chance to seriously challenge the "Big Four" teams of that time - Williams, Ferrari, Benetton and McLaren. After a couple of races to get going, Schumacher and Fisichella scored points at almost every race (apart from a barren spell at the end of the year) and took three podium finishes. Fisichella was particularly impressive, and there was a behind-the-scenes battle for his services in 1998 between Jordan and Benetton. The only downside to the season was the failure to score the team's elusive first win in F1.

Jordan 196

The Jordan 196 was the car with which the Jordan team competed in the 1996 Formula One season. It was driven by Rubens Barrichello, who was in his fourth season with the team, and Martin Brundle, who moved from Ligier.

Jordan started the year with high expectations following a generally encouraging, if unreliable, showing in 1995. The team was in its second year with works Peugeot engines, and had also secured a lucrative sponsorship deal with Benson and Hedges, which saw the cars turn gold for the 1996 season (although the car had a brighter yellow colour for the opening five races of the season).

However, the team still proved unable to score the elusive first win. Indeed, 1996 was a barren season with no podium finishes from either driver, although the team did score one more point than in 1995. Jordan remained a 'Second Division' team behind Williams, Ferrari, Benetton and McLaren. Brundle later, albeit in a jocular fashion, referred to the 196 as "a dog" which had "more grip upside down", referring to an accident on the opening lap of the 1996 Australian Grand Prix where Brundle rolled the car.

Jordan 194

The Jordan 194 was a Formula One car for the 1994 season. The number 14 seat was taken by Rubens Barrichello and the number 15 seat was taken by Eddie Irvine. Kelvin Burt was named as test driver, but his mileage in the car was limited. The engine was a Hart 1035 3.5 V10, a developed version of the engine which had proved promising in 1993. The team's main sponsor was Sasol, with additional financial support coming from Arisco, the Irish government and other smaller sponsors. With driver aids such as traction control and active suspension banned for the 1994 season, the car used a conventional semi-automatic gearbox and pushrod double wishbone suspension. The simpler technical regulations of 1994 seemed to benefit Jordan and the 194 recaptured the level of performance seen in the team's debut season, 1991. Indeed, the cut-down airbox and drooping front wing of the 194 recalled the design features of the 1991 car.

Barrichello started the season well with a 4th-place finish at the 1994 Brazilian Grand Prix, equalling the team's then best-ever result and coming home as the highest finishing Brazilian after Senna retired from the race. However Irvine was involved in a spectacular accident with Jos Verstappen, Éric Bernard and Martin Brundle, resulting in the retirement of all four cars. Irvine was deemed to have caused the accident and banned for the following race. He and the team appealed, only to have the ban extended to three races.