Samma dynasty

Coordinates: 24°44′46.02″N 67°55′27.61″E / 24.7461167°N 67.9243361°E / 24.7461167; 67.9243361

The Samma dynasty (Sindhi: سمن جو راڄ‎, Urdu: سلسله سماں‎) was a Muslim Rajput power on the Indian Subcontinent, that ruled in Sindh and parts of Punjab and Balochistan from c. 1351 to c. 1524 AD, with their capital at Thatta in modern Pakistan before being replaced by the Arghun dynasty. The Sammas were of Rajput origin.

The Samma dynasty has left its mark in Sindh with magnificent structures including the necropolis of and royalties in Thatta.

Background

The Sindh is a fertile valley with a sub-tropical climate watered by the Indus river, the location of some of the oldest civilizations in the world, with settlements dating back to 7000 BCE. Always a prize possession, it has been controlled by many different empires, alternating with periods of independence. Before the Samma dynasty took control, the Sindh was ruled by the Soomra, first as nominal vassals of the Fatimid Caliphate of Cairo, later as vassals of the Delhi Sultanate, which reached its greatest extent under Muhammad bin Tughluq (c. 1300–1351).