Uppu | |
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Directed by | Pavithran |
Produced by | K. M. A. Rahim |
Written by | K. M. A. Rahim |
Starring | P. T. Kunju Muhammed Jayalalitha Vijayan Kottarathil Madhavan |
Music by | Saratchandra Marathe |
Cinematography | Madhu Ambat |
Editing by | Venugopal |
Studio | Eranadan Movies |
Release date(s) |
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Running time | 117 minutes |
Country | ‹See Tfd› India |
Language | Malayalam |
Uppu (Malayalam: ഉപ്പ്, English: Salt, French: Le Sel) is a 1986 Indian Malayalam film directed by Pavithran and written by K. M. A. Rahim. The film is about atavistic Muslim practice of male polygamy. Film is entirely on the side of the wronged wives, mounting a strong criticism of this aspect of the Muslim religion. It stars P. T. Kunju Muhammed, Jayalalitha, Vijayan Kottarathil and Madhavan. The film won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Malayalam.
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Story begins when old patriarch Moosa Meleri arrives in a quiet Kerala village with his adopted son Abu and daughter-in-law Amina. He has lost all his money in litigation. Despite their hardships they are happy until their rich landlord covets Amina. Heartbroken, Amina is forced to divorce Abu and become the landlord's second wife. Twenty years later Amina is alone while her father still indulges in litigations, her son leads a dissolute life and her daughter elopes with the chauffer.
The film was controversial as it dealt with a sensitive content. Pavithran's comments on the film are revealing: "Salt is a trifle better—the truth always is. The religious laws are almost unknowingly misused by people, leading to the exploitation of those who succumb or resign themselves to religious and social pressures. Our intention was not to victimise or ridicule the Muslim community. Why, in the second half of the film, we also expose a Nair family who run a prostitution den—but are particular about their prayers." Producer and writer K. M. A. Rahim stated, "The villain in the film is the distorted perception of Muslim personal law. When I wrote the script, I kept it in mimd that I must do my best to translate the reality I know on to the screen. That is why the film does not sound didactic. We did not intend to teach—the reality itself is thought prevoking."
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The Australian Fellowship of Evangelical Students (AFES) is an evangelical Christian parachurch organisation that aims to encourage university students to believe in and follow Jesus Christ. It is affiliated with, and in 1947 was a founding member of the International Fellowship of Evangelical Students.
The young English evangelist, Howard Guinness, toured Australia in 1930 to encourage university students in evangelism. He helped form campus student groups starting in Sydney, then Melbourne, Brisbane and Hobart, including Sydney University Evangelical Union (SUEU) and Melbourne University Christian Union (MUCU - originally the Melbourne University Evangelical Union), which celebrated their 75th anniversaries in 2005. Guinness returned in 1933-1934 and founded groups in Perth and Adelaide.
These groups, led by the SUEU and the MUCU, joined together to form a network in 1936 as the Australian Intervarsity Fellowship or IVF, which later changed its name to the AFES in 1973. It had over 2000 members by 1959 and today has groups in over 50 campuses across the country in every state and territory, and employs over 100 staffworkers who look after the students on their various campuses.
Salt is the first album by singer and composer Lizz Wright, released in 2003 (see 2003 in music). It reached number two on the Billboard Top Contemporary Jazz chart.
Regret is the negative emotion experienced when learning that an alternative course of action would have resulted in a more favorable outcome. The theory of regret aversion or anticipated regret proposes that when facing a decision, individuals may anticipate the possibility of feeling regret after the uncertainty is resolved and thus incorporate in their choice their desire to eliminate or reduce this possibility.
Regret theory models choice under uncertainty taking into account the effect of anticipated regret. It was originally developed simultaneously by Graham Loomes and Robert Sugden, David E. Bell and Peter C. Fishburn and subsequently improved upon by several other authors.
In general, these models incorporate a regret term to the utility function that depends negatively on the realized outcome and positively on the best alternative outcome given the uncertainty resolution. This regret term is usually an increasing, continuous and non-negative function subtracted to the traditional utility index. These type of preferences always violate transitivity in the traditional sense although most satisfy a weaker version
Regret is the first compilation album by Japanese music production unit I've Sound and volume one in their Girls Compilation album series. Released on December 24, 1999, the album is a collection of songs they have produced for various adult PC games. It features vocals by Aki, Ayana, Eiko Shimamiya, Mary, Mell, Mihi, Miki and R.I.E.
"Regret" is the 13th single by Japanese singer Mai Hoshimura, released on June 4, 2008, on the SMEJ label. The title track was used as the seventh ending theme for the anime series D.Gray-man. The single peaked at number 30 and charted for four weeks in the Oricon charts. The coupling "Sakura Biyori x Kotaro Oshio" is an acoustic version of her previous-released song "Sakura Biyori".
This single's catalog number is SECL-643.