UB-53 was ordered by the GIN on 20 May 1916. She was built by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg and following just under a year of construction, launched at Hamburg on 9 March 1917. UB-53 was commissioned later that same year under the command of Kptlt. Robert Sprenger.
Like all Type UB III submarines, UB-53 carried 10 torpedoes and was armed with a 8.8cm (3.46in) deck gun. UB-53 would carry a crew of up to 3 officer and 31 men and had a cruising range of 9,040 nautical miles (16,740km; 10,400mi). UB-53 had a displacement of 516t (508 long tons) while surfaced and 651t (641 long tons) when submerged. Her engines enabled her to travel at 13.6 knots (25.2km/h; 15.7mph) when surfaced and 8 knots (15km/h; 9.2mph) when submerged.