SDB

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APICA (synthetic cannabinoid drug)

APICA (2NE1, SDB-001, N-(1-adamantyl)-1-pentyl-1H-indole-3-carboxamide) is an indole based drug that acts as a potent agonist for the cannabinoid receptors.

It had never previously been reported in the scientific or patent literature, and was first identified by laboratories in Japan in March 2012 as an ingredient in synthetic cannabis smoking blends, along with its indazole derivative APINACA (sold as "AKB48").

Structurally it closely resembles cannabinoid compounds from patent WO 2003/035005 but with an indole core instead of indazole, and a simple pentyl chain on the indole 1-position.

Pharmacological testing determined APICA to have an IC₅₀ of 175nM at CB₁, only slightly less potent than JWH-018 which had an IC₅₀ of 169nM, but over four times more tightly binding than APINACA, which had an IC₅₀ of 824nM. The first published synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of APICA revealed that it acts as a full agonist at CB1 (EC₅₀ = 34 nM) and CB2 receptors (EC₅₀ = 29 nM). Furthermore, APICA possesses cannabis-like effects in rats, and appears to be less potent than JWH-018 but more potent than THC.

SDB-005

SDB-005 is an indazole-based synthetic cannabinoid that has been sold online as a designer drug. It is presumed to be an agonist of the CB₁ and CB₂ cannabinoid receptors. SDB-005 is the indazole core analogue of PB-22 where the 8-hydroxyquinoline has also been replaced with a naphthalene group.

The code number SDB-005 was originally used for a different compound, the N-phenyl instead of N-benzyl analogue of SDB-006. This compound is a potent agonist of the CB₁ receptor (Ki = 21 nM) and CB₂ receptor (Ki = 140 nM).

However SDB-005 was subsequently used as the name for the indazole-3-carboxylate compound mentioned above when it was sold in Europe as a designer drug, and was entered into the EMCDDA synthetic drug database under this name. Consequently, there are now two distinct, yet fairly closely related cannabinoid compounds, which may both be referred to under the code SDB-005.

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