Rus' (region)

Rus' (Old East Slavic русьскаꙗ землꙗ "land of the Rusĭ (Русь)") is an ethno-cultural region in Eastern Europe inhabited by Eastern Slavs. Historically, it comprises the northern part of Ukraine, the north-western part of Russia, Belarus and some neighbouring parts of Finland, the Baltic states, Poland and Slovakia.

The name comes from Old East Slavic Русь (Rus'), and remains the same in modern Belarusian, Russian and Ukrainian. In Greek it is called Ρως (Ros) or Ρωσία (Rosia), in Armenian Ռուսաստան (Rrusastan), and in Latin Ruthenia or Russia. For more about the etymology, see Rus' (name).

Name

History

Kievan Rus' was at its cultural and political height in the 10th and 11th century and later disintegrated into many small principalities. The most powerful successor states were Vladimir-Suzdal, Halych-Volhynia and Novgorod Republic.

The Mongol invasion of Rus' devastated the north-eastern parts in 1237–1238 and the south western parts of Rus' in 1239–1240. From this date on, the fate of the Rus' lands began to diverge: The north-eastern parts stayed under the rule of Mongols and the Golden Horde for two more centuries, while the western parts, together with Kiev were conquered by Lithuania (see Battle on the Irpin River) and Poland. This political development caused a certain cultural and linguistic split between Eastern Slavs which previously hardly existed. However, the Orthodox church, which resided in Vladimir and later in Moscow, remained a common unifying factor within the Rus' lands.

Kievan Rus'

Kievan Rus' (Old East Slavic Рѹ́сь, Рѹ́сьскаѧ землѧ, Greek Ῥωσία, Latin Rus(s)ia, Ruscia, Ruzzia, Rut(h)enia,Old Norse Garðaríki) was a loose federation of East Slavic tribes in Europe from the late 9th to the mid-13th century, under the reign of the Rurik dynasty. The modern peoples of Belarus, Ukraine, and Russia all claim Kievan Rus' as their cultural ancestors.

At its greatest extent in the mid-11th century, it stretched from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south and from the headwaters of the Vistula in the west to the Taman Peninsula in the east, uniting the majority of East Slavic tribes.

Kievan Rus' begins with the rule (882–912) of Prince Oleg, who extended his control from Novgorod south along the Dnieper river valley in order to protect trade from Khazar incursions from the east and moved his capital to the more strategic Kiev. Sviatoslav I (died 972) achieved the first major expansion of Kievan Rus' territorial control, fighting a war of conquest against the Khazar Empire. Vladimir the Great (980–1015) introduced Christianity with his own baptism and, by decree, that of all the inhabitants of Kiev and beyond. Kievan Rus' reached its greatest extent under Yaroslav I (1019–1054); his sons assembled and issued its first written legal code, the Rus' Justice, shortly after his death.

Ruś

Ruś may refer to the following places:

Ü (region)

Ü (Tibetan: དབུས་, Wylie: dbus, ZYPY: Wü ; pronounced w-yu, similar to English word "we") is a geographic division and a historical region in Tibet. Together with Tsang (Tib. གཙང་, gtsang), it forms Central Tibet Ü-Tsang (Tib. དབུས་གཙང་, Wyl. dbus gtsang), which is one of the three Tibetan regions or cholka (cholka-sum). The other two cholka are Kham (Tib. ཁམས་, Wyl. khams) (Dotod) and Amdo (Tib. ཨ༌མདོ;Wyl. a mdo) (Domed). According to a Tibetan saying, "the best religion comes from Ü-Tsang, the best men from Kham, and the best horses from Amdo".

Constituent districts

Taken together, Ü and Tsang are considered to be the center of Tibetan civilization, from historical, cultural, political and economic perspectives. They are centered on the valley of the Yarlung Tsangpo River, which flows eastward at about 3,600 metres (11,800 ft) above sea level. Of this territory, Ü constitutes the eastern portion, up to Sokla Kyao in the east where it borders to Kham. It includes the Lhasa River valley system, where Lhasa is situated, and the Yarlung and Chonggye valleys to the south of the Tsangpo.

Region (mathematics)

In mathematical analysis, the word region usually refers to a subset of or that is open (in the standard Euclidean topology), connected and non-empty. A closed region is sometimes defined to be the closure of a region.

Regions and closed regions are often used as domains of functions or differential equations.

According to Kreyszig,

According to Yue Kuen Kwok,

See also

Notes and references

Region (Europe)

The European Union created a Committee of the Regions to represent Regions of Europe as the layer of EU government administration directly below the nation-state level. The Committee has its headquarters in Brussels.

Reasons given for this include:

The term 'region' as used here includes England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland which are non-sovereign countries, referred to as separate countries, even though collectively they form the country known as the United Kingdom they are recognised as countries by the UK Government and are not referred to as regions.

Some nation states which have historically had a strong centralized administration have transferred political power to the regions. Examples of this include the devolution of power in the UK (the Scotland Act 1998, the Government of Wales Act 1998) and the current negotiations in France concerning increased autonomy for Corsica. Some other states have traditionally had strong regions, such as the Federal Republic of Germany; yet others have been structured on the basis of national and municipal government with little in between.