Rod cells, or rods, are photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye that can function in less intense light than the other type of visual photoreceptor, cone cells. Rods are concentrated at the outer edges of the retina and are used in peripheral vision. On average, there are approximately 90 million rod cells in the human retina. More sensitive than cone cells, rod cells are almost entirely responsible for night vision. However, because they have only one type of light-sensitive pigment, rather than the three types that human cone cells have, rods have little, if any, role in color vision (which is why colors are much less apparent in darkness).
Structure
Rods are a little longer and leaner than cones but have the same structural basis. The opsin or pigment is on the outer side, lying on the Retinal pigment epithelium, completing the cell's homeostasis. This epithelium end contains many stacked disks. Rods have a high area for visual pigment and thus substantial efficiency of light absorption.
Corporal punishment or physical punishment is punishment intended to cause physical pain on a person.
Common methods include spanking, paddling, caning and also bastinado. It can occur on minors but also on other individuals subjected to a right of corporal punishment such as prisoners in several countries or slaves in former times.
The legality in the 21st century of corporal punishment in various settings differs by jurisdiction. Internationally, the late 20th century and early 21st century saw the application of human rights law to the question of corporal punishment in a number of contexts:
Rising is the eleventh studio album by the American hard rock band Great White, released in 2009. It was recorded in the winter of 2008 with completion in early 2009. Rising was mixed, produced, and engineered by Michael Lardie with all members of the group contributing to the final mix. This is the final album with long-time singer Jack Russell before the split that led to the creation of his own-fronted version of the band.
Rising is a 1996 album by avant-garde artist Yoko Ono. Released on 18 January, on Capitol Records, it features the backing band IMA (Japanese for "Now"), which included Ono's son Sean Lennon, Timo Ellis, and Sam Koppelman. The album has sold 11,000 copies in the US to date.
Rising sold over 3 million copies, becoming Century Media's highest selling album until 2004, when Lacuna Coil's album Comalies broke that record. This album features a slightly larger lean towards hip hop, a notable exception after the aggressive Pigwalk album.
Austria is grappling with a growing internal security dilemma as newly released police statistics indicate a sharp rise in criminal offenses involving foreign nationals.
... rise Sunday ... This is the first time in 6 years his hot rod shop has had to close due to rising Ohio River levels approaching 60 feet and he’s doing his best to make sure customer’s cars are protected.
However, the association said that they have observed rising imports of alloy and special steel bars and rods from countries like China, Japan, and South Korea, and the import ...
On the offensive line, that included center Devin Kylany, guard Rod Tialavea, tackle Fa’alili Fa’amoe, even rising sophomore AJ Hasson, whose promising future was highly regarded by that coaching staff. But Hilborn chose to stay.