*-algebra

In mathematics, and more specifically in abstract algebra, a *-algebra (or involutive algebra) is a mathematical structure consisting of two involutive rings R and A, where R is commutative and A has the structure of an associative algebra over R. Involutive algebras generalize the idea of a number system equipped with conjugation, for example the complex numbers and complex conjugation, matrices over the complex numbers and conjugate transpose, and linear operators over a Hilbert space and Hermitian adjoints.

Terminology

*-ring

In mathematics, a *-ring is a ring with a map * : A → A that is an antiautomorphism and an involution.

More precisely, * is required to satisfy the following properties:

for all x, y in A.

This is also called an involutive ring, involutory ring, and ring with involution. Note that the third axiom is actually redundant, because the second and fourth axioms imply 1* is also a multiplicative identity, and identities are unique.

Ring (Suzuki novel)

Ring (リング, Ringu) is a Japanese mystery horror novel by Koji Suzuki, first published in 1991, and set in modern-day Japan. It was the basis for a 1995 television film (Ring: Kanzenban),a television series (Ring: The Final Chapter), a film of the same name (1998's Ring), and two remakes of the 1998 film: a South Korean version (The Ring Virus) and an American version (The Ring).

Plot synopsis

After four teenagers mysteriously die simultaneously in Tokyo, Kazuyuki Asakawa, a reporter and uncle to one of the deceased, decides to launch his own personal investigation. His search leads him to "Hakone Pacific Land", a holiday resort where the youths were last seen together exactly one week before their deaths. Once there he happens upon a mysterious unmarked videotape. Watching the tape, he witnesses a strange sequence of both abstract and realistic footage, including an image of an injured man, that ends with a warning revealing the viewer has a week to live. Giving a single means of avoiding death, the tape's explanation ends suddenly having been overwritten by an advertisement. The tape has a horrible mental effect on Asakawa, and he doesn't doubt for a second that its warning is true.

Ringtone

A ringtone or ring tone is the sound made by a telephone to indicate an incoming call or text message. Not literally a tone nor an actual (bell-like) ring any more, the term is most often used today to refer to customizable sounds used on mobile phones.

Background

A phone “rings” when its network indicates an incoming call and the phone thus alerts the recipient. For landline telephones, the call signal can be an electric current generated by the switch or exchange to which the telephone is connected, which originally drove an electric bell. For mobile phones, the network sends the phone a message indicating an incoming call. The sound the caller hears is called the ringback tone, which is not necessarily directly related.

The electromagnetic bell system is still in widespread use. The ringing signal sent to a customer's telephone is 90 volts AC at a frequency of 20 hertz in North America. In Europe it is around 60-90 volts AC at a frequency of 25 hertz. Some non-Bell Company system party lines in the US used multiple frequencies (20/30/40 Hz, 22/33/44 Hz, etc.) to allow "selective" ringing.

Colors (Ice-T song)

"Colors" is a song by Ice-T, issued as the title track for the soundtrack to the film of the same name. The song was released as a single in 1988. In 2008, it was named the 19th greatest hip-hop song of all time by VH1. The song was covered by the groove metal band Machine Head, and released on the 1997 bonus disc version of their album The More Things Change.

Charts

References

Morandi (band)

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Morandi is a Romanian Europop music group composed of Marius Moga and Andrei Ştefan Ropcea (Randi). The group's name derives from the first two letters of Moga's name and Ropcea's nickname, Randi, creating Morandi.

Musical career

Aside from being successful in Romania, the group ranked highly on several pan-European charts (including the MTV Europe chart and the World Chart Express) and became probably the most successful band in the history of Eastern Europe after O-Zone. Their music is very popular among young people in Russia, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Poland, Republic of Macedonia, Lithuania and Ukraine. Morandi were nominated as Best Romanian Act both at the 2005 MTV Europe Music Awards and 2006 MTV Europe Music Awards and won the award at the 2008 MTV Europe Music Awards. "Angels" was called "Most successful track 2008" in Russia.

Colors (magazine)

Colors (stylised as COLORS) is a quarterly magazine about 'the rest of the world'. Founded in 1991, it is published worldwide in six editions: Chinese/English, French/English, Italian/English, Korean/English, Portuguese/English and Spanish/English. Every issue of the magazine takes a single theme and covers it from an international perspective. It is produced at the Fabrica research centre in Treviso, Italy.

History

Tibor Kalman, Oliviero Toscani and Karrie Jacobs created the magazine in 1991, and it was produced at Kalman's design studio, M&Co, in New York City until 1993, when the magazine operations moved to Rome, followed by Paris in 1995, and then Treviso, Italy, in 1997. Since the early 1990s, Colors has maintained a global, humanistic outlook in its coverage of issues from AIDS to shopping; from 2001 onward, it became totally serious, and the only element that remains from its inception is the use of photo-journalism. From Issue 81 in 2011, Colors has been published in the form of guides to major issues for its ongoing Survival Guides series.