Resource Interchange File Format

The Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) is a generic file container format for storing data in tagged chunks. It is primarily used to store multimedia such as sound and video, though it may also be used to store any arbitrary data.

The Microsoft implementation is mostly known through container formats like AVI, ANI and WAV, which use RIFF as their basis.

History

RIFF was introduced in 1991 by Microsoft and IBM, and was presented by Microsoft as the default format for Windows 3.1 multimedia files. It is based on Electronic Arts' Interchange File Format, introduced in 1985 on the Commodore Amiga, the only difference being that multi-byte integers are in little-endian format, native to the 80x86 processor series used in IBM PCs, rather than the big-endian format native to the 68k processor series used in Amiga and Apple Macintosh computers, where IFF files were heavily used.

In 2010 Google introduced the WebP picture format, which uses RIFF as a container.

Ostinato

In music, an ostinato [ostiˈnaːto] (derived from Italian: stubborn, compare English: 'obstinate') is a motif or phrase that persistently repeats in the same musical voice, usually at the same pitch. Well-known ostinato-based pieces include both classical compositions such as Ravel's Boléro and popular songs such as Donna Summer and Giorgio Moroder's "I Feel Love" (1977) and The Verve's "Bitter Sweet Symphony" (1997).

The repeating idea may be a rhythmic pattern, part of a tune, or a complete melody in itself. Both ostinatos and ostinati are accepted English plural forms, the latter reflecting the word's Italian etymology. Strictly speaking, ostinati should have exact repetition, but in common usage, the term covers repetition with variation and development, such as the alteration of an ostinato line to fit changing harmonies or keys.

Within the context of film music, Claudia Gorbman defines an obstinate as a repeated melodic or rhythmic figure that propel scenes that lack dynamic visual action.

Riff (American band)

Riff is a R&B vocal group from Paterson, New Jersey, formed while its members were teenagers attending Paterson's Eastside High School. The ensemble began under the name Playboys in the late 1980s, with a style strongly influenced by doo wop.

After singing in the 1989 film Lean on Me (which is based upon events occurring at Eastside High), the group changed its name to Riff and signed to SBK Records, releasing a self-titled album in 1991. The group scored several respectable hits, including three in the Billboard Hot 100. Their song "Family" appears on the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles soundtrack.

Following the success of the album, the group appeared on The Arsenio Hall Show, The Tonight Show and Soul Train, and opened on tour for LL Cool J and Vanilla Ice.

The group's second album, To Whom It May Concern, came out in 1993 to mixed reviews. It had two charting singles on the R&B charts.

Anthony "Chill" Fuller, Dwayne "Stylz" Jones and Michael "Nitty Green" Best went on to join the group Men of Vizion.

Carlos Cruz (boxer)

For the basketball player with a similar name, see Teófilo Cruz

Carlos Teo Cruz (November 4, 1937 - February 15, 1970) was a boxer from the Dominican Republic. Cruz was world lightweight champion from 1968 to 1970.

Amateur career

Cruz claimed he didn't put on his first pair of boxing gloves until his 20th birthday. He fought as an amateur from 1957–1959, posting a 14-3 record.

Personal

Cruz's father, Francisco Rosario Almonte was an army officer in the Dominican military. Cruz met his wife, Mildred Ortiz in the town of Río Piedras in Puerto Rico. They were married in 1961 when Ortiz was 24 years old. Cruz had two children; Carlos, Jr. (born 1962)who has four children, Bradely Cruz (born 1990) Clifford Allen Cruz & Clifton Allen Cruz ( born 1992 ),Brandon Miguel Cruz (born 1996 ), and Hermina (born 1963) having 2 children Alexis Tatia Cruz ( born 1998 ) and Bryant Lope Cruz ( born 2000) . Cruz's younger brother, Leo Cruz, went on to become a world champion.

Pro career

List of The Magic School Bus characters

This is a list of characters that appear in The Magic School Bus television series

Main characters

The school is located in the fictional town of Walkerville, USA (an American flag being present in city hall in "Gets Swamped") and is possibly located on the upper east coast ("Meets Molly Cule," "Sees Stars"). The original book series included additional students not seen in the TV adaptation, nor the TV tie in books, nor the CD rom series.

Ms. Frizzle

Voiced by Lily Tomlin in the TV series and Tina Marie Goff in the games. Ms. Frizzle is a teacher at Walkerville Elementary. She is normally referred to as Ms. Frizzle, but her students sometimes call her "The Friz." While she is eccentric and a bit strange, The Friz is intelligent, kind, resourceful, happy, funny, supportive, loving and somewhat motherly. She loves making jokes revolving around the lesson she teaches, even if she is the only one laughing. A redhead, she wears wacky clothing that reflects the subject of each adventure and earrings that glow just before a field trip begins. She usually winks before the earrings glow (in the original books, her dress on the last page usually hinted at the plot of the next book; the very last book sees it covered with question marks.) She enjoys singing, seems unafraid of danger, and often refers to her relatives or ancestors during trips. She can make a lot of jokes like Carlos, and she also admires Carlos' jokes. She appears to be very attached to the bus, almost as if having a nostalgic connection to it. Her first name is revealed as "Valerie" in The Magic School Bus In the Time of the Dinosaurs. Her middle name is Felicity. She also loves to surprise the students. To Arnold, she is strange. Some of Ms. Frizzle's ongoing catchphrases are, "Bus, do your stuff!", "Take chances, make mistakes, get messy!", and most notably, "WAHOOOOO!"

Carlos (given name)

Carlos is a masculine given name. It is a Spanish, Portuguese, and Tagalog form of Charles, Conor, Carl or Chuck. It may refer to:

Royalty

People in media