Retinopathy

Retinopathy is persistent or acute damage to the retina of the eye. Ongoing inflammation and vascular remodeling may occur over periods of time where the patient is not fully aware of the extent of the disease. Frequently, retinopathy is an ocular manifestation of systemic disease as seen in diabetes or hypertension.Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in working-aged people.

Pathophysiology

Causes of retinopathy include but are not limited to:

  • Diabetes mellitus, which causes diabetic retinopathy
  • Arterial hypertension, which causes hypertensive retinopathy
  • Retinopathy of prematurity due to prematurity of the newborn (under the 9 months of human pregnancy).
  • Radiation retinopathy due to exposure to ionizing radiation.
  • Solar retinopathy due to direct sunlight exposure.
  • Sickle cell disease
  • Retinal vascular disease such as retinal vein or artery occlusion.
  • Trauma, especially to the head, and several diseases may cause Purtscher's retinopathy
  • Hyperviscosity-related retinopathy as seen in disorders which cause paraproteinemia
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    This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Retinopathy

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